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a, Ta có:
2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + . . . + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + 2 5 +...+ 2 96 + 2 97 + 2 98 + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2. 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 +...+ 2 96 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4
= 2 . 31 + 2 6 . 31 + . . . + 2 96 . 31
= 2 + 2 6 + . . . + 2 96 . 31 chia hết cho 31
b, Ta có:
5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 1 + 5 + 5 3 1 + 5 + 5 5 1 + 5 + . . . + 5 149 1 + 5
= 5 . 6 + 5 3 . 6 + 5 5 . 6 + . . . + 5 149 . 6
= ( 5 + 5 3 + 5 5 + . . . + 5 149 ) . 6 chia hết cho 6
Ta lại có:
5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 +...+ 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 + 5 148 + 5 149 + 5 150 (có đúng 25 nhóm)
= [ ( 5 + 5 4 ) + ( 5 2 + 5 5 ) + ( 5 3 + 5 6 ) ] + ... + [ 5 145 + 5 148 ) + ( 5 146 + 5 149 ) + ( 5 147 + 5 150 ]
= [ 5 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 2 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 3 ( 1 + 5 3 ) ] + ... + [ 5 145 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 146 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 147 ( 1 + 5 3 ]
= ( 5 . 126 + 5 2 . 126 + 5 3 . 126 ) + ... + ( 5 145 . 126 + 5 146 . 126 + 5 147 . 126 )
= ( 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 ) . 126 + ( 5 7 + 5 8 + 5 9 ) . 126 + ... + ( 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 ) . 126
= 126.[ ( 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 ) + ( 5 7 + 5 8 + 5 9 ) + ... + ( 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 ) ] chia hết cho 126.
Vậy 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150 vừa chia hết cho 6, vừa chia hết cho 126
Bài 1:
\(a,A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{2009}+2^{2010}\right)\\ A=\left(1+2\right)\left(2+2^3+...+2^{2009}\right)=3\left(2+...+2^{2009}\right)⋮3\\ A=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{2008}+2^{2009}+2^{2010}\right)\\ A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)\left(2+...+2^{2008}\right)=7\left(2+...+2^{2008}\right)⋮7\)
\(b,\left(\text{sửa lại đề}\right)B=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\\ B=\left(1+3\right)\left(3+3^3+...+3^{2009}\right)=4\left(3+3^3+...+3^{2009}\right)⋮4\\ B=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{2008}+3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\\ B=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(3+...+3^{2008}\right)=13\left(3+...+3^{2008}\right)⋮13\)
Bài 2:
\(a,\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+...+2^{2012}\\ \Rightarrow2A-A=2+2^2+...+2^{2012}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{2011}\\ \Rightarrow A=2^{2012}-1>2^{2011}-1=B\\ b,A=\left(2020-1\right)\left(2020+1\right)=2020^2-2020+2020-1=2020^2-1< B\)
\(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(2+...+2^{58}\right)⋮7\)
Sơ đồ con đường |
Lời giải chi tiết |
|
Ta có: C = 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + ... + 5 8 = 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + 5 7 + 5 8 = 30 + 5 2 5 + 5 2 + 5 4 5 + 5 2 + 5 6 5 + 5 2 = 30 + 5 2 5 + 5 2 + 5 4 5 + 5 2 + 5 6 5 + 5 2 = 30 + 5 2 .30 + 5 4 .30 + 5 6 .30 = 30. 1 + 5 2 + 5 4 + 5 6 Áp dụng tính chất chia hết của một tích ta có: 30 ⋮ 30 ⇒ 30. 1 + 5 2 + 5 4 + 5 6 ⋮ 30 ⇒ C = 30. 1 + 5 2 + 5 4 + 5 6 ⋮ 30 |
\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\\ A=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\\ A=\left(2+2^2\right)\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)\\ A=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\)
\(=6+2^2.6+...+2^{98}.6\)
\(=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
1: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\)
\(=15\left(2+2^5+...+2^{97}\right)\)
\(=30\left(1+2^4+...+2^{96}\right)⋮30\)
2:
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2022}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2021}+3^{2022}\right)\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+3^2\left(3+3^2\right)+...+3^{2020}\left(3+3^2\right)\)
\(=12\left(1+3^2+...+3^{2020}\right)⋮12\)
\(A=\left(5+5^2\right)+\left(5^3+5^4\right)+...+\left(5^7+5^8\right)=30+5^2.30+.....+5^6.30=30.\left(1+5^2+...+5^6\right)\)A chia hết cho 30
A = (5+52)+(53+54)+...+(57 + 58)
= 30 + 30.53+...+30.57
= 30.(1 + 53 + ... + 57) là bội của 30