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\(A=\left(\frac{1}{10}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{11}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{12}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{100}-1\right)\)
\(-A=\left(1-\frac{1}{10}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{11}\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{12}\right)...\left(1-\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(-A=\frac{9}{10}\cdot\frac{10}{11}\cdot\frac{11}{12}\cdot...\cdot\frac{99}{100}\)
\(-a=\frac{9}{100}\)
\(A=-\frac{9}{100}\)
Bài 1.
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{-a}{b+1}=\frac{a}{b}-\frac{a}{b+1}=a\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{b+1}\right)=a\left(\frac{b+1-b}{b\left(b+1\right)}\right)=a\left(\frac{1}{b\left(b+1\right)}\right)=\frac{a}{b\left(b+1\right)}\)
=> A là đáp án đúng
Bài 2. Ta có:
B = 4x - 4y + 5xy
B= 4x - 4y + 4xy + xy
B = 4(x - y + xy) + xy
B = 4.(5/12 - 1/3) - 1/3
B = 4.1/12 - 1/3
B = 1/3 - 1/3 = 0
$\dfrac{a+b+c-d}{d}=\dfrac{b+c+d-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+d+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{d+a+b-c}{c}$
Cộng 2 vào mỗi đẳng thức ta có:\(\begin{align} & 2+\dfrac{a+b+c-d}{d}=\dfrac{b+c+d-a}{a}+2=\dfrac{c+d+a-b}{b}+2=\dfrac{d+a+b-c}{c}+2 \\ & \Leftrightarrow \dfrac{a+b+c+d}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{c}\Rightarrow a=b=c=d \\ \end{align}\)
Thay vào P ta được: $P=\left( 1+2 \right)\left( 1+2 \right)\left( 1+2 \right)\left( 1+2 \right)={{3}^{4}}=81$
Ta có :
\(VT=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{\left(a-c\right)^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{b^2-2bc+c^2+a^2-2ac+c^2+a^2-2ab+b^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\right]\)
\(=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)(1)
Lại có :
\(VP=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\)
\(=\frac{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{ab-bc-ac+c^2+a^2-ac-ab+bc-ab+ac+b^2-bc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
Đặt \(A=\left(\frac{a}{b}+1\right)\left(\frac{b}{c}+1\right)\left(\frac{c}{d}+1\right)\left(\frac{d}{a}+1\right)\)
\(\frac{-a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a-b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b-c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c-d}{d}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=2\)( tc dãy tỉ số bằng nhau )
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}-a+b+c+d=2a\\a-b+c+d=2b\\a+b-c+d=2c\end{cases}}\)và \(a+b+c-d=2d\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=4a\\a+b+c+d=4b\\a+b+c+d=4c\end{cases}}\)và \(a+b+c+d=4d\)
\(\Rightarrow4a=4b=4c=4d\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)thay vào bt A ta được:
\(A=2.2.2.2=16\)
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số = nhau
\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}=\frac{b+c-a}{a}=\frac{c+a-b}{b}=\frac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{c+a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b-c}{c}=1\Rightarrow a+b-c=c\Rightarrow a+b=2c\)
Tương tự \(b+c=2a;;c+a=2b\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\left(\frac{a+b}{a}\right)\left(\frac{b+c}{b}\right)\left(\frac{c+a}{c}\right)=\left(\frac{2c}{a}\right)\left(\frac{2a}{b}\right)\left(\frac{2b}{c}\right)=8\)
Theo đề ta có :
\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}+2=\frac{b+c-a}{a}+2=\frac{a+c-b}{b}+2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b-c+2c}{c}=\frac{b+c-a+2a}{a}=\frac{a+c-b+2b}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a}=\frac{a+b+c}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right).\frac{1}{c}=\left(a+b+c\right)\frac{1}{c}=\left(a+b+c\right)\frac{1}{b}\)
(vì \(a\ne b\ne c\ne0\) \(\frac{\Rightarrow1}{a}\ne\frac{1}{b}\ne\frac{1}{c}\ne0\) \(\Rightarrow a+b+c=0\))
* a+b+c=0
=>a+b=-c ; b+c=-a ; a+c =-b
\(D=\left(1+\frac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{a+b}{a}.\frac{b+c}{b}.\frac{a+c}{c}=\frac{-c.-a.-b}{a.b.c}=\frac{-1.\left(a.b.c\right)}{a.b.c}=-1\)
Vậy : D=-1
Ta có:\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{a-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\frac{a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{1}{a-b}-\frac{1}{a-c}=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}\left(1\right)\)Chứng minh tương tự,ta có:\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}=\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}\left(2\right)\\\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1);(2);(3) suy ra:\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^{đpcm}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=x\\b-c=y\\c-a=z\end{cases}}\)
Thế vào bài toán trở thành
Cho: \(\frac{x+z}{xz}+\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{y+z}{yz}=2013\left(1\right)\)
Tính \(M=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
Từ (1) ta có
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx+yz+xy+zx}{xyz}=2013\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{xyz}=2013\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=\frac{2013}{2}\)
Ta lại có
\(M=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=\frac{2013}{2}\)
\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{\left(b-a\right)-\left(b-c\right)}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{\left(c-b\right)-\left(c-a\right)}{\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a-b}-\frac{1}{a-c}+\frac{1}{b-c}-\frac{1}{b-a}+\frac{1}{c-a}-\frac{1}{c-b}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)=2013\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{2013}{2}\)