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Sửa đề: 7,2% → 7,3%
a, \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=100.7,3\%=7,3\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,05.127=6,35\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,05.2=0,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
2MnO2 + 2KCl _____> 2KMnO2 + Cl2
2Fe + 3Cl2 ______> 2FeCl3
2FeCl3 + 3H2 _____> 2Fe + 6HCl
Fe + 2HCl ______> FeCl2 + H2
\(MnO_2\rightarrow Cl_2\rightarrow FeCl_3\rightarrow FeCl_2\rightarrow Fe\)
\(MnO_2+4HCl\rightarrow MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\)
\(Fe+\dfrac{3}{2}Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^0}FeCl_3\)
\(2FeCl_3+Fe\rightarrow3FeCl_2\)
\(FeCl_2\underrightarrow{đpdd}Fe+Cl_2\)
\(m_{O_2}=44.6-28.6=16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16}{32}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2O}=4n_{O_2}=0.5\cdot4=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Muối}=m_{Kl}+m_{Cl-}=28.6+2\cdot35.5=99.6\left(g\right)\)
\(FeSO_4+BaCl_2\to BaSO_4\downarrow+FeCl_2\\ FeCl_2+2NaOH\to Fe(OH)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\\ Fe(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}FeO+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,1____0,3_____0,1_____0,15 (mol)
\(2Al+6H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2\uparrow+6H_2O\)
0,1______0,3__________0,05____0,15_____0,3 (mol)
\(Cu+2H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuSO_4+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\)
0,15_____0,3________0,15___0,15_____0,3 (mol)
Ta có: \(m_{Al}+m_{Cu}=0,1\cdot27+0,15\cdot64=12,3\left(g\right)\)
Bài 7:
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=n_{MgSO_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ag}=15,6-0,2\cdot24=10,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{MgSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=2,5.0,1=0,25(mol)\\ a,PTHH:CuO+H_2SO_4\to CuSO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25(mol)\\ b,a=m_{CuO}=0,25.80=20(g)\)
a) \(CuO+H_2SO_4->CuSO_4+H_2O\)
b) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.2,5=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Cu + H2SO4 --> CuSO4 + H2O
______0,25<--0,25
=> a = 0,25.80 = 20(g)
\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\to Fe(OH)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\\ 4Fe(OH)_2+2H_2O+O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}4Fe(OH)_3\\ 2Fe(OH)_3\xrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3+3CO\xrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3CO_2\)
\(a) 2Fe(OH)_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3CO \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3CO_2\\ 2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3\\ 2FeCl_3 + Fe \rightarrow 3FeCl_2\)
\(b) 6nCO_2 + 5nH_2O \xrightarrow[\text{chất diệp lục}]{\text{ánh sáng}} (-C_6H_{10}O_5-)_n + 6nO_2\\ (-C_6H_{10}O_5-)_n + nH_2O \xrightarrow{axit} nC_6H_{12}O_6\\ C_6H_{12}O_6 \xrightarrow{\text{men rượu}} 2CO_2 + 2C_2H_5OH\\ C_2H_5OH + O_2 \xrightarrow{\text{men giấm}} CH_3COOH + H_2O\)
