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a) Ta có BĐT:
\(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+abc\ge ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+abc}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Tương tự cho 2 bất đẳng thức còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{bc\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{ca\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{abc}=VP\)
Khi \(a=b=c\)
Ta có \(\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a^2+a+1\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3-a+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+1\ge a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+ab+2\ge a+ab+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\)
Cộng từng vế các bđt trên ta được
\(VT\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\)
Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopski ta có
\(VT\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}\)\(=\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{a}{abc+ab+a}+\frac{ab}{a^2bc+abc+ab}\right)}=\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Theo hệ quả của bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\ge ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow3+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac+c^2=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3+c^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{\sqrt{c^2+3}}\le\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
Thiết lập tương tự ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{bc}{\sqrt{a^2+3}}\le\frac{bc}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\\\frac{ac}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}\le\frac{ac}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\frac{bc}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{ac}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}=\sqrt{\frac{a^2b^2}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}}{2}\)
Tượng tự ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{bc}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{bc}{a+c}+\frac{bc}{a+b}}{2}\\\frac{ac}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{ac}{a+b}+\frac{ac}{b+c}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{\left(\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{ac}{a+b}\right)+\left(\frac{ac}{b+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}\right)+\left(\frac{bc}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{a+c}\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{a+b+c}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có BĐT \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\le\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\frac{1}{3}\cdot9=3\)
Khi đó áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{\sqrt{c^2+3}}=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}\right)\). Tương tự cũng có:
\(\frac{bc}{\sqrt{a^2+3}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c}\right);\frac{ca}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ca}{a+b}+\frac{ca}{b+c}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{bc+ca}{a+b}+\frac{bc+ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab+ca}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
bn xem lại cái đề nhé, với a = b = c = 2 thì ko đúng đâu