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Đặt x^2+y^2+z^2 =a ; xy+yz+zx=b
=> (x+y+z)^2 =x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx =a+2b
Ta có A= (x^2+y^2+z^2)(xy+yz+zx) +(x+y+z)^2
= a(a+2b)+b^2=a^2+2ab+b^2=(a+b)^2
=(x^2+y^2+z^2 +xy+yz+zx)^2
\(A=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2\left(1\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2+y^2+z^2=a\)
\(xy+yz+zx=b\Rightarrow2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=2b\)
\(\Rightarrow a+2b=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
Kết hợp (1) ta được : \(A=a\left(a+2b\right)+b^2\)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx\right)^2\)
\(y\left(x-y\right)^2+xy\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(xy-y^2\right)\left(x-y\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(xy-y^2+xy\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(2xy-y^2\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
y ( x - y)2 + xy ( x-y) = (x - y) [(x-y) y +xy]
= (x-y) ( 2xy -y2)
Lời giải:
a.
$(xy)^2-xy-2=(x^2y^2+xy)-(2xy+2)$
$=xy(xy+1)-2(xy+1)=(xy+1)(xy-2)$
b. Bạn xem lại đoạn $-16x^2$ là dấu - hay + vậy?
\(\frac{2}{xy}:\left(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)^2-\frac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{2}{xy}:\left(\frac{y-x}{xy}\right)^2-\frac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{2}{xy}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{x^2y^2}-\frac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{2x^2y^2}{xy\left(x-y\right)^2}-\frac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{2xy}{\left(x-y\right)^2}-\frac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=\frac{-x^2+2xy-y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=-\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=-1\)
Đặt \(x^2+x+1=t\)
\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12=t\left(t+1\right)-12=t^2+t-12=\left(t^2+t+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{49}{4}=\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{7}{2}\right)^2=\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)=\left(t-3\right)\left(t+4\right)=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)\)
\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12\)
= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[\left(x^2+x+1\right)+1\right]-12\)
= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)-12\)
= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-3\left(x^2+x+1\right)+4\left(x^2+x+1\right)-4.3\)
= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)+4\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
= \(\left(x^2+x+5\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)
\(2xyz+x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2\)
\(=x^2\left(y+z\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+x\left(y^2+z^3\right)+2xyz\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz\right)+x\left(y^2+z^2+2yz\right)\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz\right)+x\left(y+z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz\right)+xy+xz\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left[x\left(x+2\right)+y\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(b,x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2\left(z-y\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2z-y^2x+z^2x-z^2y\)
\(=x^2\left(y-z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)-x\left(y^2-z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left[x^2+yz-x\left(y+z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left[x\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left[\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\right]\)
Phân tích thành nhân tử
\(=\left(my+nx\right)\left(ny+mx\right)\)
mn(x2 +y2) +xy(m2 +n2)= mnx2 +mny2 +xym2 +xyn2
=mx(nx + my) +ny( my +nx)
=(mx+ny)(nx+my)