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b) trước hết ta cần chứng minh nếu x+y+z=0 thì x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz
ta có x+y+z=0==> x=-(y+z)
<=> \(x^3=-\left(y^3+z^3+3yz\left(y+z\right)\right)\)
<=> \(x^3+y^3+z^3=-3yz\left(y+z\right)\)
<=> \(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)( cì y+z=-x)
áp dụng vào bài ta có \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)
do đó M=\(\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ac}{b^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}=\frac{abc}{a^3}+\frac{abc}{b^3}+\frac{abc}{c^3}=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)=abc\cdot\frac{3}{abc}=3\)
\(K=\frac{a^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{b^2}{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{c^2}{b\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\).
Ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{\left(a^2+c^2\right)-c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{a^2+c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}-\frac{c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\)\(=\frac{1}{c}-\frac{c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\).
Vì \(a,c>0\)nên áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho 2 số dương, ta được:
\(a^2+c^2\ge2ac\).
\(\Leftrightarrow c\left(a^2+c^2\right)\ge2ac^2\).
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\le\frac{1}{2ac^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\le\frac{c^2}{2ac^2}=\frac{1}{2a}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\ge-\frac{1}{2a}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{c}-\frac{c^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2a}\left(1\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=c>0\) .
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(\frac{b^2}{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2b}\left(a,b>0\right)\left(2\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b>0\)
Chứng minh tương tự, ta dược:
\(\frac{c^2}{b\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2c}\left(b,c>0\right)\left(3\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=c>0\).
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:
\(\frac{a^2}{c\left(a^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{b^2}{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{c^2}{b\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\)\(\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2c}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow K\ge\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow K\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow K\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\right)\).
Mà \(ab+bc+ca=3abc\)(theo đề bài).
Do đó \(K\ge\frac{1}{2}.\frac{3abc}{abc}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow K\ge\frac{3abc}{2abc}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow K\ge\frac{3}{2}\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra.
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c>0\\ab+bc+ca=3abc\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\).
Vậy \(minK=\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\).
- \(A=\sqrt{11-2\sqrt{10}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{10}-1\right)^2}=\sqrt{10}-1\)
- \(B=\left(\sqrt{28}-2\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{7}\right).\sqrt{7}+7\sqrt{7}=\left(2\sqrt{7}-2\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{7}\right).\sqrt{7}+7\sqrt{7}\)
\(=\left(3\sqrt{7}-4\right).\sqrt{7}+7\sqrt{7}=3\sqrt{7}+3\sqrt{7}=6\sqrt{7}\)
- \(C=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{6}\)
- \(D=0,2.\sqrt{10^2.3}+2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}=2\sqrt{3}+2\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\right)=4\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2-b-\left(b^2-c\right)=0\\b^2-c-\left(c^2-a\right)=0\\c^2-a-\left(a^2-b\right)=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)=b-c\\\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)=c-a\\\left(c-a\right)\left(c+a\right)=a-b\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(c+a\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)=0\\\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=1\end{cases}}\)