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để biểu thức cho đơn giản , ta đặt x=a+1,y=b+1,z=c+1(x,y,z>0)
thì giả thiết thành \(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{3}{y+3}\le\frac{z}{z+2}\) .Tìm min xyz
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy:\(\frac{z}{z+2}\ge\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{3}{y+3}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+3\right)}}\)(1)
từ giả thiết :\(\frac{1}{x+1}\le\frac{z}{z+2}-\frac{3}{y+3}\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{x+1}\ge1-\frac{z}{z+2}+\frac{3}{y+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{x+1}\ge\frac{2}{z+2}+\frac{3}{y+3}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy 1 lần nữa: \(\frac{x}{x+1}\ge\frac{2}{z+2}+\frac{3}{y+3}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{6}{\left(z+2\right)\left(y+3\right)}}\)(2)
tương tự ta cũng có: \(\frac{y}{y+3}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2}{\left(z+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}}\)(3),
cả 2 vế các bất đẳng thức (1),(2)và (3) đều dương, nhân vế với vế:
\(\frac{xyz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+3\right)\left(z+2\right)}\ge\frac{8.6}{\left(x+1\right)\left(z+2\right)\left(y+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\ge48\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2,y=6,z=4 hay a=1,b=5,z=3
bài 1
ÁP dụng AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{b\left(2c+a\right)}+\frac{2c+a}{9}+\frac{b}{3}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3.\left(2c+a\right).b}{b\left(2c+a\right).27}}=a.\)
tương tự ta có:\(\frac{b^3}{c\left(2a+b\right)}+\frac{2a+b}{9}+\frac{c}{3}\ge b,\frac{c^3}{a\left(2b+c\right)}+\frac{2b+c}{9}+\frac{a}{3}\ge c\)
công tất cả lại ta có:
\(P+\frac{2a+b}{9}+\frac{2b+c}{9}+\frac{2c+a}{9}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}\ge a+b+c\)
\(P+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\ge a+b+c\)
Thay \(a+b+c=3\)vào ta được":
\(P+2\ge3\Leftrightarrow P\ge1\)
Vậy Min là \(1\)
dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(a^2b^2c^2+\left(a+1\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge a+b+c+ab+bc+ca+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(abc\right)^2+abc-2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(abc+2\right)\left(abc-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow abc\ge1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)\left(2c+3a\right)}+\frac{b+2c}{45}+\frac{2c+3a}{75}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)\left(2c+3b\right)}\cdot\frac{b+2c}{45}\cdot\frac{2c+3a}{75}}=\frac{a}{5}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b^3}{\left(c+2a\right)\left(2a+3b\right)}+\frac{c+2a}{45}+\frac{2a+3b}{75}\ge\frac{b}{5}\left(2\right)\\\frac{c^3}{\left(a+2b\right)\left(2b+3c\right)}+\frac{a+2b}{45}+\frac{2b+3c}{75}\ge\frac{c}{5}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1)(2)(3) ta có:
\(P+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{15}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{5}\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{15}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Mà \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow S\ge\frac{1}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
Ta co:
\(P\ge21\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+12\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{2017.9}{2}\)
\(=21\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+12\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{18153}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{P}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge21\left[\left(\frac{a}{a+b+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{b}{a+b+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{c}{a+b+c}\right)^2\right]+12+\frac{\frac{18153}{2}}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Dat \(\left(\frac{a}{a+b+c};\frac{b}{a+b+c};\frac{c}{a+b+c}\right)\rightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\frac{a^2}{x^2}\)
BDT tro thanh:
\(\frac{P}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge21\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+12+\frac{18153}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{P}{\frac{a^2}{x^2}}\ge21\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+12+\frac{18153}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge21.\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+12+\frac{18153}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2P}{a^2}\ge7+12+\frac{18153}{8}\)
Ta lai co:\(x=\frac{a}{a+b+c}\ge\frac{a}{2}\Rightarrow a^2\le4x^2\)
Suy ra:\(\frac{x^2P}{a^2}\ge\frac{x^2P}{4x^2}=\frac{P}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{P}{4}\ge\frac{18503}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{18503}{2}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
Vay \(P_{min}=\frac{18503}{2}\)khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\frac{3}{2}\ge a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow abc\le\frac{1}{8}\)
\(3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=1+1+1+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{2b}\ge7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16a^2b^2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge343\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16^3\left(abc\right)^4}}\ge343\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16^3\left(\frac{1}{8}\right)^4}}=343\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
a )
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki ta có :
\(\left(b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\right)\left(1+\right)\ge\left(b+2\left(a+c\right)\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}}\le\sqrt{5}.\frac{a}{b+2c+2a}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\sqrt{5}.\left(\frac{a}{b+2c+2a}+\frac{b}{c+2a+2b}+\frac{c}{a+2b+2c}\right)\)
Cần chứng minh : \(\frac{a}{b+2c+2a}+\frac{b}{c+2a+2b}+\frac{c}{a+2b+2c}\le\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{a}{b+2c+2a}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{b}{c+2a+2b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{c}{a+2b+2c}\right)\ge\frac{9}{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b+2c}{b+2c+2a}+\frac{c+2a}{c+2a+2b}+\frac{a+2b}{a+2b+2c}\ge\frac{9}{5}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki dạng phân thức ở vế trái :
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{\left(b+2c+c+2a+a+2b\right)^2}{\left(b+2c\right)^2+2a\left(b+2c\right)+\left(c+2a\right)^2+2b\left(c+2a\right)+\left(a+2b\right)^2+2c\left(a+2b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{9\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{5\left(a+b+b\right)^2}=\frac{9}{5}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = '" xảy ra khi a=b=c
b ) Ta có abc =1
Ta chứng minh :
\(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ac+c+1}=1\)
VT \(=\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{a}{abc+ab+a}+\frac{ab}{a^2bc+abc+ac}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{ab}{ab+a+1}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có : \(\left(1+a\right)^2+b^2+5=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2a+6\ge2ab+2a+6\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(1+a\right)^2+b^2+5}{ab+a+4}=\frac{2ab+2a+6}{ab+a+4}=2-\frac{2}{ab+a+4}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{ab+a+4}=\frac{1}{ab+a+1+3}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{3}\right)\) ( do \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(1+a\right)^2+b^2+5}{ab+a+4}\ge2-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{3}\right)=\frac{11}{6}-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{ab+a+1}\)
Khi đó :
\(P\ge\frac{11}{2}-\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ac+c+1}\right)=\frac{11}{2}-\frac{1}{2}.1=5\)
\(P_{Min}=5\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{3}{2}\ge a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\le\frac{1}{8}\)
Ta có:
\(3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=1+1+1+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{2b}\ge7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16a^2b^2}}\)
Tưng tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}3+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16b^2c^2}}\\3+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\ge7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16c^2a^2}}\end{cases}}\)
Từ đó ta có
P\(\ge7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16a^2b^2}}.7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16b^2c^2}}.7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16c^2a^2}}\)
\(=7^3\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16^3a^4b^4c^4}}\ge7^3.\sqrt[7]{\frac{8^4}{16^3}}=7^3\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{3}{2}\ge a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\le\frac{1}{8}\)
Ta có:
\(3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=1+1+1+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{2b}\ge7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16a^2b^2}}\)
Tưng tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}3+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16b^2c^2}}\\3+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\ge7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16c^2a^2}}\end{cases}}\)
Từ đó ta có
\(\ge7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16a^2b^2}}.7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16b^2c^2}}.7\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16c^2a^2}}\)
\(=7^3\sqrt[7]{\frac{1}{16^3a^4b^4c^4}}\ge7^3.\sqrt[7]{\frac{8^4}{16^3}}=7^3\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(1-a\right)^2}+\frac{1-a}{8}+\frac{1-a}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(1-a\right)^2}.\frac{\left(1-a\right)}{8}.\frac{1-a}{8}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)