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a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: x 1,5x
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Mol: y y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+24y=5,1\\1,5x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27.100\%}{5,1}=52,94\%;\%m_{Mg}=100-52,94=47,06\%\)
b)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,1 0,15 0,05
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,1+0,15\right).98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\)
mdd sau pứ = 5,1+250-0,15.2 = 254,8(g)
\(C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342.100\%}{254,8}=6,71\%\)
\(C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120.100\%}{254,8}=4,71\%\)
Phản ứng xảy ra:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2Alcl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có:
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{Al}=\frac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7gam\rightarrow m_{Al_2O_2}=10,2gam\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\frac{2,7}{12,9}=20,93\%\rightarrow\%m_{Al_2O_2}=79,07\%\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\frac{10,2}{27.2+16.3}=0,1mol\)
\(\rightarrow n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.3+0,1.6=0,9mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,9.36,5=32,85gam\)
\(\rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\frac{32,85}{3,65\%}=900gam\)
a)
Gọi $n_{Zn} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 65a + 27b = 11,9(1)$
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1; b = 0,2
$m_{Zn} = 0,1.65 = 6,5(gam)$
$m_{Al} = 0,2.27 = 5,4(gam)$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,8(mol)$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,8.36,5}{125}.100\% = 23,36\%$
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,03.24=0,72\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,72}{1,74}.100\%\approx41,38\%\\\%m_{AlCl_3}\approx58,62\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,06.36,5=2,19\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{2,19}{500}.100\%=0,438\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, nH2 = 0,03 ( mol )
=> nMg = nH2 = 0,03 ( mol )
=> mMg = 0,72 g
=> %Mg \(\approx\) 41,38 % .
=> % Al \(\approx\) 58,62 % .
b, Có : nH2 = 0,03 mol
=> nHCl = nHCltừ Al2O3 + nHCltừ Mg = 0,06 + 0,06 = 0,12 ( mol )
=> mHCl = 4,38 ( g )
Lại có : mdd = mhh + mddHCl = 501,74 ( g )
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{m_{dd}}.100\%\approx0,87\%\)
( chắc đoạn trên là Al2O3 :vvvv )
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
x---2x-----------x
Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2
y------2y-----------y
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=24\\x+y=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,3 mol, y=0,3 mol
=>%m Fe=\(\dfrac{0,3.56}{24}.100\)=70%
=>%m Mg=100-70=30%
=>VHCl=\(\dfrac{0,3.2+0,3.2}{2}\)=0,6l=600ml
b)
XCl2+2AgNO3->2AgCl+X(NO3)2
0,6--------------------1,2mol
=>m AgCl=1,2.143,5=172,2g
1) Ptpư:
2Al + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2
Cu + HCl \(\rightarrow\) không phản ứng
=> 0,6 gam chất rắn còn lại chính là Cu:
Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol Al, Fe
Ta có:
3x + 2y = 2.0,06 = 0,12
27x + 56 y = 2,25 – 0,6 = 1,65
=> x = 0,03 (mol) ; y = 0,015 (mol)
=> \(\%Cu=\frac{0,6}{2,25}.100\%=26,67\%\); \(\%Fe=\frac{56.0,015}{2,25}.100\%=37,33\%\); %Al = 36%
2) \(n_{SO_2}=\frac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06mol\); m (dd KOH) = 13,95.1,147 = 16 (gam)
=> mKOH = 0,28.16 = 4,48 (gam)=> nKOH = 0,08 (mol)=> \(1<\)\(\frac{n_{KOH}}{n_{SO_2}}<2\)
=> tạo ra hỗn hợp 2 muối: KHSO3: 0,04 (mol) và K2SO3: 0,02 (mol)
Khối lượng dung dịch sau pu = 16 + 0,06.64 = 19,84 gam
=> \(C\%\left(KHSO_3\right)=\frac{0,04.120}{19,84}.100\%\)\(=24,19\%\)
\(C\%\left(K_2SO_3\right)=\frac{0,02.158}{19,84}.100\%\)\(=15,93\%\)
\(Đặt:n_{MnO_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{KMnO_4}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=87a+158b=37.96\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{10.08}{22.4}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)
\(MnO_2+4HCl\rightarrow MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=a+2.5b=0.45\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.4,b=0.02\)
\(\%MnO_2=\dfrac{0.4\cdot87}{37.96}\cdot100\%=91.68\%\\\%KMnO_4=100-91.68=8.32\% \)
\(m_M=m_{KCl}+m_{MnCl_2}=0.02\cdot74.5+\left(0.4+0.02\right)\cdot126=54.41g\)
a) 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Al2O3 + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
nH2 = 0,15mol => nAl=0,1mol => mAl=2,7g; mAl2O3 = 10,2g => nAl2O3 = 0,1mol
=>%mAl=20,93% =>%mAl2O3 = 79,07%
b) nHCl = 0,1.3+0,1.6=0,9 mol=>mHCl(dd)=100g
mddY=12,9+100-0,15.2=112,6g
mAlCl3=22,5g=>C%=19,98%