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Ta có:
\(\vec{AN}=\vec{AM}+\vec{MN}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\vec{AC}+\dfrac{1}{4}\vec{MB}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\vec{AC}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\vec{AB}-\vec{AM}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\vec{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\vec{AC}\)
\(\vec{AP}=\vec{AC}+\vec{CP}\)
\(=\vec{AC}+\dfrac{1}{k+1}\vec{CB}\)
\(=\vec{AC}+\dfrac{1}{k+1}\left(\vec{AB}-\vec{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{k+1}\vec{AB}+\dfrac{k}{k+1}\vec{AC}\)
A, N, P thẳng hàng khi:
\(\dfrac{\dfrac{k}{k+1}}{\dfrac{1}{k+1}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}}{\dfrac{1}{4}}\Leftrightarrow k=2\)
Kết luận: \(k=2\)
a.
\(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CM}+\overrightarrow{BM}+\overrightarrow{MC}=\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{BM}\)
b.
\(\overrightarrow{AE}=3\overrightarrow{EM}=3\overrightarrow{EA}+3\overrightarrow{AM}\Rightarrow4\overrightarrow{AE}=3\overrightarrow{AM}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AE}=\dfrac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AM}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AE}=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{3}{8}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{8}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BE}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AE}=-\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{8}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{8}\overrightarrow{AC}=-\dfrac{5}{8}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{8}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BK}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AK}=-\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{8}{5}\overrightarrow{BE}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) B, E, K thẳng hàng
Gt ⇒ \(2\left|\overrightarrow{MC}+\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}\right|=3\left|\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right|\)
Do G là trọng tâm của ΔABC
⇒ \(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}=3\overrightarrow{MG}\)
⇒ VT = 6MG
I là trung điểm của BC
⇒ \(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}=2\overrightarrow{MI}\)
⇒ VP = 6MI
Khi VT = VP thì MG = MI
Vậy tập hợp các điểm M thỏa mãn ycbt là đường trung trực của đoạn thẳng IG
\(a,\) \(\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{IB}-4\overrightarrow{IC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{IB}-2\overrightarrow{IC}-2\overrightarrow{IC}=2\overrightarrow{CB}-2\overrightarrow{IC}\)
\(=2\left(\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right)-2\left(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AI}\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{AB}-2\overrightarrow{AC}-2\overrightarrow{AC}+2\overrightarrow{AI}\)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(b,\overrightarrow{IJ}=\overrightarrow{AJ}-\overrightarrow{AI}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{IA}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{JG}=\overrightarrow{AG}-\overrightarrow{AJ}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}\)\((\) \(\) \(M\) \(trung\) \(điểm\) \(BC)\)
\(\overrightarrow{JG}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{IJ}=-4\overrightarrow{JG}\Rightarrow I,J,G\) \(thẳng\) \(hàng\)
Dựa theo đề bài ta có hình vẽ:
Ta có: MA = 2MB; BN = 5CN => BN = 5/6 BC
Có \(\overrightarrow{AN}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BN}=-\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{5}{6}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
Áp dụng định lí menelaus cho tam giác ABN
\(\frac{MA}{MB}.\frac{CB}{CN}.\frac{IN}{IA}=1\)=> \(\frac{2}{1}.\frac{6}{1}.\frac{IN}{IA}=1\Rightarrow IA=12IN\)=> \(\overrightarrow{AI}=\frac{12}{13}\overrightarrow{AN}\)
Ta có: \(\overrightarrow{BI}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AI}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{12}{13}\overrightarrow{AN}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{12}{13}\left(-\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{5}{6}\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)rút gọn tính tiếp nhé