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1.Pysical Education (PE)

2.Sience

3.Geography

4.Music

5.Maths

6.French

7.Art

8.Literature

9.English

10.History

9 tháng 2 2017

Greeting Yen Son school . Nam and I (1) are doing something differently this year . We are Bac Giang Youth activity Center . People (2) go here every summer to learn about thier hobbies and interests . I am learning English and Nam is learning about computer . We get up at six every morning and do lessons from seven to half past eleven .We have lunch at twelve and then there are more lessons .We work very hard but we are very happy . We are having wonderful time here . It is a quarter past seven in the morning now , and we are sitting on the grass in the middle of the Centre . The weather is very fine today . We love summer .

Greeting Yen Son school. Nam and I (1) LIKE doing something differently this year. We are at Bac Giang Youth activity Centre. People (2) ARE here every summer to learn about (3) A LOT OF hobbies and interests. I am learning English and Nam is learning about computer. We (4) GET up at six every morning and do lessons (5) FROM seven to half past eleven. We have (6) LUNCH at tweleve and then there are more lessons. We work very (7) HARD but we are very happy. We are (8) HAVING wonderful time here. It is a (9) QUARTER past seven in the morning now, and we are sitting on the grass in (10) FRONT of the Centre. The weather is very fine today. We love summer.

23 tháng 11 2019

Read the text and answer the questions

We go to school (1).......... day a week, from Monday to Friday, and we have a lot of subjects at school such as Maths, Literature, English, Geography and so on. I always try my best to study all, especially English because It's my (2)........... subject. Maths is a little difficult but (3)............ However, I don't like Luterature very much (4)............ the teacher gives us so many exercise. I'm not very good at Computer Science, so I'm really afraid (5)...... this subject. Physics, Geography and History are the most useful subjects to me. We learn about the world, about life and nature. I'm rather interested in these subjects.

1. A. Seven B. Four C. Five D. Six

2. A. Lovely B. Likely C. Favourite D. Interesting

3. A. Easy B. Good C. Lovely D. Interesting

4. A. Because B. But C. Then D. And

5. A. For B. At C. Of D. On

23 tháng 11 2019

We go to school (1).......... day a week, from Monday to Friday, and we have a lot of subjects at school such as Maths, Literature, English, Geography and so on. I always try my best to study all, especially English because It's my (2)........... subject. Maths is a little difficult but (3)............ However, I don't like Luterature very much (4)............ the teacher gives us so many exercise. I'm not very good at Computer Science, so I'm really afraid (5)...... this subject. Physics, Geography and History are the most useful subjects to me. We learn about the world, about life and nature. I'm rather interested in these subjects.

1. A. Seven B. Four C. Five D. Six

2. A. Lovely B. Likely C. Favourite D. Interesting

3. A. Easy B. Good C. Lovely D. Interesting

4. A. Because B. But C. Then D. And

5. A. For B. At C. Of D. On

11 tháng 12 2016

Dien tu thich hop vao doan van sau :

When we visit foreign countries, we see and learn all sorts of things that we can never see or learn at home, though we may read about them in books and study/learn, and see pictures of them at the cinema. The best way to their geography is to travel, and the best way to get to know and which the people in other countries is to meet them in newspapers own homes. Most people on visits to other countries take a understand with them and photograph anything camera interests them. Those photographs will remind them about the happy time they had on a visit to a foreign country.

P/s : lớp 6 mà khó thế bn

15 tháng 8 2018

ai trả loi nhanh mình cikl luon

18 tháng 7 2017

hãy điền từ thích hợp

Greetings from Hanoi. Trung and I ...are.... doing something different this year. We're at the Youth Activity Center. People ...come.... here every summer to learn about ......their..... hobbies and interests. I'm doing photography and tennis, and Trung is learning about computer. We .......get...... up at half past six every morning and do lessons ......from....... seven to half past eleven. We have ......lunch...... at twelve o'clock, and then there are more lessons. So it is ....hard...... work. But I like it here. We're ........having....... a super time. It's a ......quarter....... past seven in the morning now, and we are sitting out on the grass in ......front...... of the Center. The weather is good

18 tháng 7 2017

Hãy điền từ thích hợp

Greetings from Hanoi. Trung and I are doing something different this year. We're at the Youth Activity Center. People come here every summer to learn about their hobbies and interests. I'm doing photography and tennis, and Trung is learning about computer. We get up half past six every morning and do lessons from seven to half past eleven. We have lunch at twenlve o'clock, and then there are more lessons. So it is hard work. But I like it here. We're having a super time. It's a quarter past seven in the morning now, and we are sitting out on the grass in front of the Center. The weather is good

28 tháng 3 2017

Dear Julia,

Greeting from Wales! Ben and I (1...........are................)doing something different this year.We're at the North Wales Activity Central.People(2...........come...................)here every summer to learn more about(3..........some............)hobbies and interests. I am doing photography and tennis this week and Ben is learning(4...........about............)computers.We get up at half past eight (5...........in the....................) morning and do lesson (6...........from..................)ten to half past twelve.We have(7....................lunch....................) at one,and then there are more lessons.So it's hard work.(8...............but................)I like it here.We're(9................having.................)super time. It's a quaretr to seven in the morning now, and we're sitting out(10..............on......................) the grass in front of the Centre.The weather is good.

See you soon

Topic : What do you do on a typical school day ? Task : As you know , I am a student , so I go to school on Monday to Saturday . Everyday , I have breakfast and go to school at 6 o'clock by bike . It takes me about 15 minutes to get there . At 7 o'clock , the first lesson begins . After two lessons, we have a break time . We usually play , chat or eat snacks together . The schoolyard that moment is very noisy and crowded . The break time ends at 8:45 . After that , we have one or more...
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Topic : What do you do on a typical school day ?

Task :

As you know , I am a student , so I go to school on Monday to Saturday . Everyday , I have breakfast and go to school at 6 o'clock by bike . It takes me about 15 minutes to get there . At 7 o'clock , the first lesson begins . After two lessons, we have a break time . We usually play , chat or eat snacks together . The schoolyard that moment is very noisy and crowded . The break time ends at 8:45 . After that , we have one or more lessons . We go home at 11 o'clock . In the afternoon, we usually have PE , Maths , English or Literature . In PE , we often learn to do exercises . In Maths , we often do a lot of hard Maths exercises . They are reaaly difficult for us to do . In English , we usually learn to speak English , read Engllish books and English vocabularies . In Literature , we often learn to write essies. After a school day , I'm trired but I'm very happy because I can learn a lot of good things at school .

Các thầy cô và bạn bè đọc và nhận xét giúp em nha ! hihi

5
31 tháng 12 2016

bài này đc đấy yeu

31 tháng 12 2016

chủ đề: Bạn làm gì vào một ngày học bình thường?

Bài tập :

Như bạn đã biết, tôi là một sinh viên, vì vậy tôi đi đến trường vào thứ hai đến thứ bảy. Mỗi ngày, tôi có bữa ăn sáng và đi học lúc 6 giờ bằng xe đạp. Tôi phải mất khoảng 15 phút để đến đó. Tại 7:00, bài học đầu tiên bắt đầu. Sau hai bài học, chúng tôi có một thời gian nghỉ ngơi. Chúng tôi thường chơi, trò chuyện hoặc ăn đồ ăn nhẹ với nhau. Sân trường lúc đó là rất ồn ào và đông đúc. Thời gian nghỉ kết thúc lúc 8:45. Sau đó, chúng tôi có một hoặc nhiều bài học. Chúng tôi về nhà lúc 11 giờ. Vào buổi chiều, chúng tôi thường có thể dục, Toán, tiếng Anh hoặc văn học. Trong thể dục, chúng ta thường tìm hiểu để làm bài tập. Trong Toán học, chúng ta thường làm rất nhiều bài tập môn Toán khó. Họ thực sự rất khó khăn cho chúng ta làm. Trong tiếng Anh, chúng ta thường học nói tiếng Anh, đọc sách tiếng Anh và từ vựng tiếng Anh. Trong văn học, chúng ta thường tìm hiểu để viết essies(ko hiểu) Sau một ngày học, tôi mệt mỏi nhưng tôi rất hạnh phúc vì tôi có thể học được rất nhiều điều tốt đẹp ở trường.

I. Hoàn chỉnh 2 đoạn văn sau: 1. Americans like sport very much. One of the.....popular kinds of sports in autumn. All the high schools........universities have their own teams. In winter the most popular kind og sports............basketball. There ........usually a match every evening in one school gymnasium or another. In some parts of the United States there is a.........of.............and ice. Many people like skiing and skating. In the orther sports seasons,...
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I. Hoàn chỉnh 2 đoạn văn sau:

1. Americans like sport very much. One of the.....popular kinds of sports in autumn. All the high schools........universities have their own teams. In winter the most popular kind og sports............basketball. There ........usually a match every evening in one school gymnasium or another. In some parts of the United States there is a.........of.............and ice. Many people like skiing and skating. In the orther sports seasons, millions.........Americans enjoy baseball. The schools have their games in..........,but the most important professional games are played during summer. Many people listen to the games.......the radio, watch them on television or read about them........the newspaper.

2. Greeting Yen Son school, Nam and I.......doing something differently this year. We are at Bac Giang Youth activity Centre. People........here every summer to learn about.........hobbies and interest. I am learning English and Nam Is learning about computer. We......... up at six every morning and do lessons...........seven to half past eleven. We have.............at twelve and then there are more lessons. We work very.............but we are very happy. We are.............wonderful time here. It is a.............past seven in the morning now, and we are sitting on the grass in..............of the Centre. The weather is very fine today. We love summer!

2
31 tháng 1 2017

1. Americans like sports very much. One of the (1) MOST..... popular kinds of sports in Autumn is football. All the high schools (2)AND .... universities have their own teams.
In winter the most popular kind of sports (3) .IS... basketball. There is usually a match every evening in one school gymnasium or another. In some parts of the United States there is a lot of (4)SNOW ..... and ice. Many people like skiing and skating.
In the other two (5) OF.... millions of Americans enjoy baseball. The schools have their games in (6) WINTER.... but the most important professional games are played during summer. Many people listen to the games (7) THROUGH.... the radio, watch them on television or read about them (8)ON .... the newspapers.
Some also play tennis or golf and others (9) GO.... fishing. They like to stay outdoors (10) BECAUSE.... it is warm during the months of June, July and August.

2. Greeting Yen Son school, Nam and I...AM....doing something differently this year. We are at Bac Giang Youth activity Centre. People....COMES....here every summer to learn about....THEIR.....hobbies and interest. I am learning English and Nam Is learning about computer. We....GET..... up at six every morning and do lessons.....FROM......seven to half past eleven. We have......LUNCH.......at twelve and then there are more lessons. We work very......HARD.......but we are very happy. We are.....HAVING........wonderful time here. It is a......HALF.......past seven in the morning now, and we are sitting on the grass in......FRONT........of the Centre. The weather is very fine today. We love summer!

31 tháng 1 2017

1. Americans like sport very much. One of the MOST popular kinds of sports in autumn. All the high schools AND universities have their own teams. In winter the most popular kind og sports IS basketball. There IS usually a match every evening in one school gymnasium or another. In some parts of the United States there is a LOT of SNOW and ice. Many people like skiing and skating. In the orther sports seasons, millions OF Americans enjoy baseball. The schools have their games in SPRING,but the most important professional games are played during summer. Many people listen to the games ON the radio, watch them on television or read about them IN/ ON the newspaper.

2. Greeting Yen Son school, Nam and I LIKE doing something differently this year. We are at Bac Giang Youth activity Centre. People ARE here every summer to learn about SOME hobbies and interest. I am learning English and Nam Is learning about computer. We GET up at six every morning and do lessons FROM seven to half past eleven. We have LUNCHat twelve and then there are more lessons. We work very HARD but we are very happy. We are HAVING wonderful time here. It is a QUARTER past seven in the morning now, and we are sitting on the grass in FRONTof the Centre. The weather is very fine today. We love summer!

Dịch:Some theories of the purpose of dreamsFreud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We...
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Dịch:

Some theories of the purpose of dreams

Freud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?

Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the answer. This may be more of a way to ‘use’ our dreams than a ‘purpose’ of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus your mind on the problem and help you to find the solution.

The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk, organizing the events of the day into folders and deleting the rubbish that it doesn’t want to keep. But we all know that very little of what we dream every night is concerned with what happened to us that day.

Another idea is that dreams are the brain’s way of practising the behaviour that we need to survive. So we dream about being chased by a monster because one day it might happen! It’s a bit like a pianist practising her scales every day even though she doesn’t need to use them at that moment.

Others believe that dreaming is the brain’s way of exercising the pathways between the brain cells. This may be an important element in why we sleep rather than why we dream. We die if we don’t sleep but we can live without dreaming. Some patients with brain injuries lose the ability to dream but don’t seem to suffer any ill-effects.

REM and dreaming

Scientists used to think that dreaming only happened during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). REM sleep is essential for all mammals. We all become irritable and depressed without it. If we don’t have enough REM one night, we will compensate by having more the next. REM is generated by the brainstem – the oldest and most primitive part of the brain. So scientists used to believe that dreaming was also caused by activity in the brainstem. We now know that dreaming can happen at any time during sleep. The only difference seems to be that it’s easier to remember dreams that happen during REM.

Babies have a lot more REM activity than adults, but research shows that they dream less. The same may be true of animals. We know that they have REM activity but that doesn’t mean they dream.

It also seems that dreaming is a skill that develops as you get older, like language for example. Young children’s dreams are very different from older children’s or adult’s dreams.

New research

Modern technology has allowed scientists to map the parts of the brain that are active when we dream. The primitive brainstem is very active, but so are other important areas at the front of the brain. These are the frontal lobes that control emotion, memory, and experiences that come through the senses like hearing and vision. If these areas are injured, the person stops dreaming. On the other hand, the areas that control rational, logical thought are not active at all. This could explain why dreams are so strange. They have no logical sequence or time, which makes them very difficult to explain to other people when we wake up. Dreams combine recent events with long past events and our emotions while we are dreaming are often very strong.

Psychologists have also done studies on people who kept dream diaries for long periods of time (up to fifty years in some cases) and have found that what we dream is very much connected with how we think and behave when we are awake. So an extrovert, adventurous person will have extrovert, adventurous dreams. A shy person will be a shy person in her dreams. People who are important to us will often be in our dreams and so will things that worry us or make us happy.

So what’s the conclusion?

Well, nobody really knows. But scientists are now suggesting that dreams have absolutely no purpose at all. When we are awake we are ‘thinking’ all the time. Some of this thinking is useful and has a purpose. But we often just ‘think’ about nothing in particular while we’re waiting for the bus or walking to work. And that’s what the brain is doing when we are asleep - just thinking. Sometimes it’s interesting and sometimes it’s boring.

Doing the research for this article has made me more interested in my dreams rather than less. I might even start a dream diary! But nothing that I’ve read explains why I sometimes have an embarrassing dream about finding myself standing completely naked at a bus stop. Fortunately, this has never happened to me in real life, and it isn’t something that I think about when I’m awake. I’m told that it’s an example of a ‘universal dream’ – a dream that is common to people all over the world. Dreaming about flying is another example. So what’s the explanation? We can’t all be ‘just thinking’ about the same thing, can we?

Find the new words and translate it

5
1 tháng 2 2018

Một số lý thuyết về mục đích của những giấc mơ

Freud tin rằng chúng ta mơ ước để chúng ta có thể giải toả những ham muốn sâu, bí mật mà chúng ta không được phép diễn đạt trong cuộc sống thực bởi vì các quy tắc của xã hội lịch sự. Hầu hết mọi người đều biết về phân tích giấc mơ của Freud - giấc mơ về một con tàu đi vào đường hầm là một giấc mơ về quan hệ tình dục. Nhưng liệu đó có phải chỉ là một giấc mơ khi du hành trên tàu?

Một lý thuyết khác là những giấc mơ cho phép chúng ta giải quyết những vấn đề mà chúng ta không thể giải quyết trong cuộc sống thực. Chúng tôi đi ngủ với một vấn đề và thức dậy với câu trả lời. Đây có thể là một cách để "sử dụng" ước mơ của chúng ta hơn là một mục đích "của mơ ước. Nếu bạn tin rằng giấc mơ của bạn là quan trọng thì việc phân tích chúng có thể giúp bạn tập trung suy nghĩ về vấn đề và giúp bạn tìm ra giải pháp.

Hình ảnh hiện đại là giấc mơ là cách để làm sạch ổ cứng của máy tính, tổ chức các sự kiện trong ngày vào các thư mục và xóa các rác mà nó không muốn giữ. Nhưng tất cả chúng ta đều biết rằng rất ít những gì chúng tôi mơ ước mỗi tối liên quan đến những gì đã xảy ra với chúng tôi ngày hôm đó.

Một ý tưởng khác là giấc mơ là cách hành xử của não đối với hành vi mà chúng ta cần phải tồn tại. Vì vậy, chúng tôi mơ ước được bị đuổi bởi một con quái vật bởi vì một ngày nào đó có thể xảy ra! Nó giống như một nghệ sĩ piano thực hành quy mô của cô ấy mỗi ngày mặc dù cô ấy không cần sử dụng chúng vào lúc đó.

Những người khác tin rằng giấc mơ là cách não thực hiện các con đường giữa các tế bào não. Đây có thể là một yếu tố quan trọng tại sao chúng ta ngủ nhiều hơn là tại sao chúng ta mơ ước. Chúng ta chết nếu chúng ta không ngủ nhưng chúng ta có thể sống mà không mơ mộng. Một số bệnh nhân bị thương não mất khả năng mơ ước nhưng dường như không bị ảnh hưởng xấu.

REM và mơ ước

Các nhà khoa học từng nghĩ rằng giấc mơ chỉ xảy ra trong giấc ngủ Mắt nhanh (REM). Giấc ngủ REM là điều cần thiết cho tất cả các động vật có vú. Tất cả chúng ta trở nên cáu kỉnh và chán nản nếu không có nó. Nếu chúng ta không có đủ giấc ngủ đêm REM, chúng tôi sẽ đền bù bằng cách có thêm thời gian tiếp theo. REM được tạo ra bởi bộ não - phần lâu đời nhất và nguyên thủy nhất của bộ não. Vì vậy, các nhà khoa học từng tin rằng giấc mơ cũng là do hoạt động trong não. Bây giờ chúng ta biết rằng giấc mơ có thể xảy ra bất cứ lúc nào trong suốt giấc ngủ. Sự khác biệt duy nhất có thể là dễ nhớ hơn những giấc mơ xảy ra trong REM.

Trẻ sơ sinh có nhiều hoạt động REM hơn người lớn, nhưng nghiên cứu cho thấy họ mơ ước ít hơn. Điều này cũng có thể đúng với động vật. Chúng tôi biết rằng họ có hoạt động REM nhưng điều đó không có nghĩa là họ mơ ước.

Nó cũng có vẻ như là mơ ước là một kỹ năng phát triển khi bạn lớn lên, chẳng hạn như ngôn ngữ ví dụ. Ước mơ của trẻ nhỏ rất khác so với giấc mơ của những đứa trẻ lớn tuổi hơn và người lớn.

Nghiên cứu mới

Công nghệ hiện đại đã cho phép các nhà khoa học lập bản đồ các bộ phận của não hoạt động khi chúng ta mơ ước. Giun sơ khai rất năng động, nhưng cũng là những khu vực quan trọng khác ở phía trước của não. Đây là những thùy trán điều khiển cảm xúc, trí nhớ và kinh nghiệm đi qua các giác quan như nghe và nhìn. Nếu những khu vực này bị thương, người đó ngừng mơ. Mặt khác, các lĩnh vực kiểm soát suy nghĩ hợp lý, hợp lý không hoạt động chút nào. Điều này có thể giải thích tại sao những giấc mơ thật kỳ lạ. Họ không có trình tự hoặc thời gian hợp lý, điều này khiến họ rất khó giải thích cho người khác khi chúng tôi thức dậy. Giấc mơ kết hợp các sự kiện gần đây với những sự kiện trong quá khứ và cảm xúc của chúng ta trong khi chúng ta đang mơ ước thường rất mạnh.

Các nhà tâm lý học cũng đã thực hiện các nghiên cứu về những người giữ nhật ký trong một thời gian dài (đến 50 năm trong một số trường hợp) và nhận thấy rằng những gì chúng ta mơ ước có liên quan rất nhiều đến cách chúng ta suy nghĩ và hành xử khi chúng ta tỉnh táo. Vì vậy, một người hướng ngoại, mạo hiểm sẽ có những giấc mơ hướng ngoại, mạo hiểm. Một người nhút nhát sẽ là một người nhút nhát trong những giấc mơ của mình. Những người quan trọng đối với chúng ta thường có trong giấc mơ của chúng ta và những điều đó sẽ làm chúng ta lo lắng hoặc làm cho chúng ta hạnh phúc.

Vậy kết luận là gì?

Vâng, không ai thực sự biết. Nhưng các nhà khoa học hiện đang cho thấy những giấc mơ hoàn toàn không có mục đích. Khi chúng ta tỉnh dậy chúng ta đang 'suy nghĩ' mọi lúc. Một số suy nghĩ này là hữu ích và có một mục đích. Nhưng chúng ta thường chỉ "nghĩ" về không có gì đặc biệt trong khi chúng ta chờ xe buýt hoặc đi bộ để làm việc. Và đó là những gì mà bộ não đang làm khi chúng ta đang ngủ - chỉ cần suy nghĩ. Đôi khi nó thú vị và đôi khi nó là nhàm chán.

Làm nghiên cứu cho bài viết này đã làm tôi quan tâm nhiều hơn đến ước mơ của tôi chứ không phải là ít hơn. Tôi thậm chí có thể bắt đầu một nhật ký trong giấc mơ! Nhưng không có gì tôi đã đọc giải thích tại sao đôi khi tôi có một giấc mơ xấu hổ vì thấy mình đang đứng khỏa thân hoàn toàn tại bến xe buýt. May mắn thay, điều này đã không bao giờ xảy ra với tôi trong cuộc sống thực, và nó không phải là điều mà tôi nghĩ về khi tôi thức. Tôi được nói rằng đó là một ví dụ về 'giấc mơ phổ quát' - một giấc mơ phổ biến cho mọi người trên thế giới. Giấc mơ bay là một ví dụ khác. Vậy giải thích là gì? Chúng ta không thể chỉ "suy nghĩ" về cùng một điều, phải không?

1 tháng 2 2018

Some theories of the purpose of dreams

Freud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?

Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the answer. This may be more of a way to ‘use’ our dreams than a ‘purpose’ of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus your mind on the problem and help you to find the solution.

The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk, organizing the events of the day into folders and deleting the rubbish that it doesn’t want to keep. But we all know that very little of what we dream every night is concerned with what happened to us that day.

Another idea is that dreams are the brain’s way of practising the behaviour that we need to survive. So we dream about being chased by a monster because one day it might happen! It’s a bit a pianist practising her scales every day even though she doesn’t need to use them at that moment.

Others believe that dreaming is the brain’s way of exercising the pathways between the brain cells. This may be an important element in why we sleep rather than why we dream. We die if we don’t sleep but we can live without dreaming. Some patients with brain injuries lose the ability to dream but don’t seem to suffer any ill-effects.

REM and dreaming

Scientists used to think that dreaming only happened during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). REM sleep is essential for all mammals. We all become irritable and depressed without it. If we don’t have enough REM one night, we will compensate by having more the next. REM is generated by the brainstem – the oldest and most primitive part of the brain. So scientists used to believe that dreaming was also caused by activity in the brainstem. We now know that dreaming can happen at any time during sleep. The only difference seems to be that it’s easier to remember dreams that happen during REM.

Babies have a lot more REM activity than adults, but research shows that they dream less. The same may be true of animals. We know that they have REM activity but that doesn’t mean they dream.

It also seems that dreaming is a skill that develops as you get older, language for example. Young children’s dreams are very different from older children’s or adult’s dreams.

New research

Modern technology has allowed scientists to map the parts of the brain that are active when we dream. The primitive brainstem is very active, but so are other important areas at the front of the brain. These are the frontal lobes that control emotion, memory, and experiences that come through the senses hearing and vision. If these areas are injured, the person stops dreaming. On the other hand, the areas that control rational, logical thought are not active at all. This could explain why dreams are so strange. They have no logical sequence or time, which makes them very difficult to explain to other people when we wake up. Dreams combine recent events with long past events and our emotions while we are dreaming are often very strong.

Psychologists have also done studies on people who kept dream diaries for long periods of time (up to fifty years in some cases) and have found that what we dream is very much connected with how we think and behave when we are awake. So an extrovert, adventurous person will have extrovert, adventurous dreams. A shy person will be a shy person in her dreams. People who are important to us will often be in our dreams and so will things that worry us or make us happy.

So what’s the conclusion?

Well, nobody really knows. But scientists are now suggesting that dreams have absolutely no purpose at all. When we are awake we are ‘thinking’ all the time. Some of this thinking is useful and has a purpose. But we often just ‘think’ about nothing in parular while we’re waiting for the bus or walking to work. And that’s what the brain is doing when we are asleep - just thinking. Sometimes it’s interesting and sometimes it’s boring.

Doing the research for this arle has made me more interested in my dreams rather than less. I might even start a dream diary! But nothing that I’ve read explains why I sometimes have an embarrassing dream about finding myself standing completely naked at a bus stop. Fortunately, this has never happened to me in real life, and it isn’t something that I think about when I’m awake. I’m told that it’s an example of a ‘universal dream’ – a dream that is common to people all over the world. Dreaming about flying is another example. So what’s the explanation? We can’t all be ‘just thinking’ about the same thing, can we?