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Ta có: \(x^2-y+\frac{1}{4}=y^2-x+\frac{1}{4}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(y^2-y+\frac{1}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-\frac{1}{2}=0\\y-\frac{1}{2}=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5c+1\\b=5d+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a^2+b^2=\left(5c+1\right)^2+\left(5d+2\right)^2\)
\(=25c^2+10c+1+25d^2+20d+4\)
\(=25c^2+25d^2+10c+20d+5\)
\(=5\left(5c^2+5d^2+2c+4d+1\right)⋮5\)
Bài 3:
a: \(4x^2+12x+15=4x^2+12x+9+6=\left(2x+3\right)^2+6>=6\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-3/2
b: \(9x^2-6x+5=9x^2-6x+1+4=\left(3x-1\right)^2+4>=4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1/3
Lời giải:
$ab+bc+ac=\frac{(a+b+c)^2-(a^2+b^2+c^2)}{2}=\frac{9^2-27}{2}=27$
$\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ac$
$\Leftrightarrow 2(a^2+b^2+c^2)=2(ab+bc+ac)$
$\Leftrightarrow (a^2-2ab+b^2)+(b^2-2bc+c^2)+(c^2-2ac+a^2)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0$
Vì $(a-b)^2; (b-c)^2; (c-a)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $a,b,c$ nên để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì $(a-b)^2=(b-c)^2=(c-a)^2=0$
$\Rightarrow a=b=c$
Mà $a+b+c=9$ nên $a=b=c=3$.
Khi đó:
$(a-4)^{2021}+(b-4)^{2022}+(c-4)^{2023}=(-1)^{2021}+(-1)^{2022}+(-1)^{2023}$
$=(-1)+1+(-1)=-1$
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\Leftrightarrow bc=-ab-ac\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+bc-ac-ab}=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
CMTT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}=\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\\\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=1\)
Vì sao bước thứ 2 từ dưới lên lại có thể suy ra (a−b)(b−c)(a−c)/(a−b)(b−c)(a−c)=1?
\(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=-7\)
Suy ra : \(\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2=49\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2=49\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=14\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=196\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2\right)=196\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2.49=256\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=98\)
Vậy ...
\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc +2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2ab+2bc+2ca=-14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=-7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2ab^2c+2abc^2+2a^2bc=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2=49\).
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=14\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=14^2=196\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=196\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2.49=196\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=98\)
