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a )
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki ta có :
\(\left(b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\right)\left(1+\right)\ge\left(b+2\left(a+c\right)\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}}\le\sqrt{5}.\frac{a}{b+2c+2a}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\sqrt{5}.\left(\frac{a}{b+2c+2a}+\frac{b}{c+2a+2b}+\frac{c}{a+2b+2c}\right)\)
Cần chứng minh : \(\frac{a}{b+2c+2a}+\frac{b}{c+2a+2b}+\frac{c}{a+2b+2c}\le\frac{3}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{a}{b+2c+2a}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{b}{c+2a+2b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{c}{a+2b+2c}\right)\ge\frac{9}{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b+2c}{b+2c+2a}+\frac{c+2a}{c+2a+2b}+\frac{a+2b}{a+2b+2c}\ge\frac{9}{5}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki dạng phân thức ở vế trái :
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{\left(b+2c+c+2a+a+2b\right)^2}{\left(b+2c\right)^2+2a\left(b+2c\right)+\left(c+2a\right)^2+2b\left(c+2a\right)+\left(a+2b\right)^2+2c\left(a+2b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{9\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{5\left(a+b+b\right)^2}=\frac{9}{5}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = '" xảy ra khi a=b=c
b ) Ta có abc =1
Ta chứng minh :
\(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ac+c+1}=1\)
VT \(=\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{a}{abc+ab+a}+\frac{ab}{a^2bc+abc+ac}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{ab}{ab+a+1}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có : \(\left(1+a\right)^2+b^2+5=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2a+6\ge2ab+2a+6\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(1+a\right)^2+b^2+5}{ab+a+4}=\frac{2ab+2a+6}{ab+a+4}=2-\frac{2}{ab+a+4}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{ab+a+4}=\frac{1}{ab+a+1+3}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{3}\right)\) ( do \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(1+a\right)^2+b^2+5}{ab+a+4}\ge2-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{3}\right)=\frac{11}{6}-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{ab+a+1}\)
Khi đó :
\(P\ge\frac{11}{2}-\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ac+c+1}\right)=\frac{11}{2}-\frac{1}{2}.1=5\)
\(P_{Min}=5\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
để biểu thức cho đơn giản , ta đặt x=a+1,y=b+1,z=c+1(x,y,z>0)
thì giả thiết thành \(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{3}{y+3}\le\frac{z}{z+2}\) .Tìm min xyz
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy:\(\frac{z}{z+2}\ge\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{3}{y+3}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+3\right)}}\)(1)
từ giả thiết :\(\frac{1}{x+1}\le\frac{z}{z+2}-\frac{3}{y+3}\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{x+1}\ge1-\frac{z}{z+2}+\frac{3}{y+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{x+1}\ge\frac{2}{z+2}+\frac{3}{y+3}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy 1 lần nữa: \(\frac{x}{x+1}\ge\frac{2}{z+2}+\frac{3}{y+3}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{6}{\left(z+2\right)\left(y+3\right)}}\)(2)
tương tự ta cũng có: \(\frac{y}{y+3}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2}{\left(z+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}}\)(3),
cả 2 vế các bất đẳng thức (1),(2)và (3) đều dương, nhân vế với vế:
\(\frac{xyz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+3\right)\left(z+2\right)}\ge\frac{8.6}{\left(x+1\right)\left(z+2\right)\left(y+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\ge48\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2,y=6,z=4 hay a=1,b=5,z=3
ta có: \(\frac{a}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}.\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a.b.c}{\left(a+1\right)^2.\left(b+1\right)^2.\left(c+1\right)^2}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)^2.\left(b+1\right)^2.\left(c+1\right)^2}}\) (vì abc=1) (*)
Mặt khác: \(\left(a+1\right)^2.\left(b+1\right)^2.\left(c+1\right)^2\ge64abc=64=4^3\) (vì abc=1)
=> \(\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)^2.\left(b+1\right)^2.\left(c+1\right)^2}\ge4\) (**)
Từ (*), (**)=> đpcm
Bạn dưới kia làm ngược dấu thì phải,mà bài này hình như là mũ 3
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{a+1}{8}+\frac{b+1}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}{64\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại:
\(RHS+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)+6}{8}\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow RHS\ge\frac{3}{4}\) tại a=b=c=1
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy-Schwarz ta có
\(VT\ge\frac{\left[3-\left(a+b+c\right)\right]^2}{\sum\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)^2+bc}}=\frac{4}{\sum\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)^2+bc}}\)\(\ge\frac{4}{\sum\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)^2+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{4}}}=\frac{4}{\sum\sqrt{\frac{9\left(b+c\right)^2}{4}}}\)\(=\frac{8}{6\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{4}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^4\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}=\frac{1}{\frac{a^4\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}{abc}}=\frac{\frac{1}{a^3}}{\left(\frac{1}{b}+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{c}+1\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)\), tương tự suy ra:
\(A=\frac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\frac{y^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\frac{z^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}\)
Theo BĐT AM-GM ta có: \(\frac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\frac{1+y}{8}+\frac{1+z}{8}\ge\frac{3x}{4}\)
Tương tự suy ra \(A+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{x+y+z}{4}\ge\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}-\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1 hay a=b=c=1
VỚi các số thực: a,b,c >0 thỏa a+b+c=1. Chứng minh rằng: \(\frac{1+a}{1-a}+\frac{1+b}{1-b}+\frac{1+c}{1-c}\le2\left(\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\)
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