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Đặt \(\frac{x}{2013}=\frac{y}{2014}=\frac{z}{2015}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2013k\\y=2014k\\z=2015k\end{cases}}\)
Ta có :
4(x - y)(y - z) = 4(2013k - 2014k)(2014k - 2015k)
=4.(-k).(-k) = 4k2 (1)
(z - x)2 = (2015k - 2013k)2 = (2k)2 = 4k2 (2)
Từ 1 và 2
=> 4(x - y)(y - z) = (z - x)2
Lớp 8 nên sử dụng hằng đẳng thức
(=) X3 +3x2 +y3+5y2-x3-y3=0
(
Ta có:
\(M=\frac{x\left(yz-x^2\right)+y\left(zx-y^2\right)+z\left(xy-z^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}=\frac{xyz-x^3+xyz-y^3+xyz-z^3}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}=\frac{3xyz-x^3-y^3-z^3}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
\(-M=\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
Xét đẳng thức phụ:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=\left[\left(a +b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right)-ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2-ab\right]=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-abc-ac\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\)
Thay vào -M ta có:
\(-M=\frac{\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\Rightarrow M=-\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Giờ thay: \(x=2014^{2015}-20142015;y=20142015-2015^{2014};z=2015^{2014}-2014^{2015}\)
Ta có:
\(M=-\frac{1}{2}\left(2014^{2015}-20142015+20142015-2015^{2014}+2015^{2014}-2014^{2015}\right)=0\)
\(3x^2+3y^2+4xy+2x-2y+2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x^2+4xy+2y^2\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x+1=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=1\end{cases}}}\)
Khi đó: \(A=\left(-1+1\right)^{2014}+\left(-1+2\right)^{2015}+\left(1-1\right)^{2016}\)
\(=0+1+0=1\)
Bài làm:
Sửa lại đề: \(4x^2+2y^2+2z^2-4xy-4xz+2yz-6y-10z=-34\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+y^2+z^2-4xy-4xz+2yz\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(z^2-10z+25\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+z-2x\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+\left(z-5\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(y+z-2x\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z-5\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\left(\forall x,y,z\right)}\)nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(y+z-2x\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\\\left(z-5\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=3\\z=5\end{cases}}\)
Thay x,y,z vào Q ta tính được:
\(Q=\left(4-4\right)^{2014}+\left(3-4\right)^{2014}+\left(5-4\right)^{2014}=0+1+1=2\)
Vậy Q=2