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áp dụng bđt 1/a +1/b >= 4/(a+b) ta đc :....1/ (2x+y+z) <= 1/4(x+y)+1/4(x+z) ; 1/(2y+z+x)<=1/4(y+z)+1/4(x+y) ; 1/(2z+x+y)<=1/4(z+x)+1/4(z+y)
suy ra A (biểu thức đã cho ) <= 1/2(x+y) +1/2(y+z) +1/2(z+x)<= 1/8 . (1/x+1/y) +1/8. (1/y+1/z)+1/8(1/z+1/x) =1/8 . 2. (1/x+1/y+1/z)=1 (áp dụng lại bđt trên)...,suyra đpcm.
dấu ''='' xảy ra <=> x=y=z
Áp dụng công thức \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\left(x,y>0\right)\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{y+z}\le\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{2y}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{2z}\right)\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
(1)(2)(3) => \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức : \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)( với x , y > 0 )
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right);\frac{1}{y+z}\le\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}\)
Suy ra :
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Tường tự ta có :
\(\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{2y}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{2z}\right)\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1) , (2) và (3)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le1\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Áp dụng AM-GM ta có \(\frac{1^2}{x}+\frac{1^2}{x}+\frac{1^2}{y}+\frac{1^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1+1\right)^2}{2x+y+z}\)
hay \(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{16}{2x+y+z}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{16}{2y+x+z}\) ; \(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{16}{2z+x+y}\)
Cộng theo vế : \(4\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge16\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{2y+x+z}+\frac{1}{2z+x+y}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(16\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{2y+x+z}+\frac{1}{2z+x+y}\right)\le16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{2y+x+z}+\frac{1}{2z+x+y}\le1\)
Với 2 số dương bất kì: ( 1 )
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)Vì x và y dương nên \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
Áp dụng ( 1 ): \(\frac{4}{2x+y+z}=\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\)
Mà: \(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\)\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Nên: \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Và \(\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế các bất đẳng thức kết hợp với điều kiện \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=4\) nên ta có đpcm
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{2x+y+z}=\frac{1}{x+y+x+z}\\\frac{1}{2z+y+x}=\frac{1}{z+y+x+z}\\\frac{1}{2y+x+z}=\frac{1}{x+y+y+z}\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x+y+x+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\\\frac{1}{z+y+x+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\\\frac{1}{x+y+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{2y+z+x}+\frac{1}{2z+x+y}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\\\frac{1}{x+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\\\frac{1}{z+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{x+z}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{2z+x+y}+\frac{1}{2y+z+x}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot4=1\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=0,75\)
áp dụng bđt schwarts ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2x+1}+\frac{1}{2y+1}+\frac{1}{2z+1}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{2x+2y+2z+3}\ge\frac{9}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\frac{1}{2x+1}+1-\frac{1}{2y+1}+1-\frac{1}{2z+1}\le3-\frac{9}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{2x+1}+\frac{2y}{2y+1}+\frac{2z}{2z+1}\le\frac{12}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2x+1}+\frac{y}{2y+1}+\frac{z}{2z+1}\le\frac{6}{7}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=2/3
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự rồi cộng từng vế, ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x}+\frac{4}{y}+\frac{4}{z}\right)=\frac{4}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=1\)
=> ĐPCM
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