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Chứng minh \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\) rồi áp dụng với n = 1,2,....,2014
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Thế vô bài toán được
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{2016\sqrt{2015}+2015\sqrt{2016}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2015}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2016}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2016}}\)
a,a=b+1
suy ra a-b=1 suy ra(\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\))(\(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\))=1
suy ra \(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\)=\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)(1)
vì a=b+1 suy ra a>b suy ra \(\sqrt{a}>\sqrt{b}\)suy ra \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}>2\sqrt{b}\)
suy ra \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{b}}\)(2)
từ (1) ,(2) suy ra\(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{b}}\)suy ra \(2\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)< \frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}\)(*)
ta lại có b+1=c+2 suy ra b-c =1 suy ra\(\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)=1\)
suy ra \(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)(3)
vì b>c suy ra \(\sqrt{b}>\sqrt{c}\) suy ra \(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}>2\sqrt{c}\)
suy ra \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{c}}\)(4)
Từ (3),(4) suy ra \(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{c}}\) suy ra\(2\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)< \frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\)(**)
từ (*),(**) suy ra đccm
Mỗi biểu thức trong dấu căn có dạng:
\(1+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}\) ( Với \(k\ge2\))
Ta có:
\(1+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2+\left(k+1\right)^2+k^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{k^4+2k^3+k^2+k^2+2k+1+k^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{k^4+2k^2\left(k+1\right)+\left(k+1\right)^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(k^2+k+1\right)^2}{\left(k\left(k+1\right)\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}}=\frac{k^2+k+1}{k^2+k}=1+\frac{1}{k\left(k+1\right)}=1+\frac{1}{k}-\frac{1}{k+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1+1-\frac{1}{2}+1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+1+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}=2014-\frac{1}{2014}\)
Mỗi biểu thức trong dấu căn có dạng:
1+1k2 +1(k+1)2 ( Với k≥2)
Ta có:
1+1k2 +1(k+1)2 =k2(k+1)2+(k+1)2+k2k2(k+1)2 =k4+2k3+k2+k2+2k+1+k2k2(k+1)2
=k4+2k2(k+1)+(k+1)2k2(k+1)2 =(k2+k+1)2(k(k+1))2
⇒√1+1k2 +1(k+1)2 =k2+k+1k2+k =1+1k(k+1) =1+1k −1k+1
⇒S=1+1−12 +1+12 −13 +1+13 −14 +...+1+12013 −12014 =2014−12014
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}+...-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}-\sqrt{2014}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2014}-\sqrt{2015}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{2-3}-\frac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}{3-4}+...+\frac{\sqrt{2014}+\sqrt{2015}}{2014-2015}\)
\(=-\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}-\left(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}\right)+...+\sqrt{2014}+\sqrt{2015}\)
=\(-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2015}\)