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a) Áp dụng Cauchy Schwars ta có:
\(M=\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1
b) \(N=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b+1}+\frac{9}{c+2}\ge\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{36}{6}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x=y=1
Ta có: a + b + c = 0
\(\Rightarrow\) (a + b + c)2 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ac = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2009 + 2(ab + bc + ac) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) ab + bc + ac = \(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (ab + bc + ac)2 = \(\left(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2b2 + b2c2 + a2c2 + 2abc(a + b + c) = \(\left(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2 = \(\left(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\right)^2\) (Vì a + b + c = 0)
Lại có: a2 + b2 + c2 = 2009
\(\Rightarrow\) (a2 + b2 + c2)2 = 20092
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a4 + b4 + c4 + 2(a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2) = 20092
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a4 + b4 + c4 + 2.\(\dfrac{2009^2}{4}\) = 20092
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a4 + b4 + c4 = 20092 - \(\dfrac{2009^2}{2}\) = 2018040,5
Chúc bn học tốt!
Ta có a+b+c=0⇔(a+b+c)2=0⇔a2+b2+c2+2(ab+bc+ac)=0a+b+c=0⇔(a+b+c)2=0⇔a2+b2+c2+2(ab+bc+ac)=0
+) Nếu a2+b2+c2=2a2+b2+c2=2 thì ab+bc+ac=−22=−1⇔(ab+bc+ac)2=1⇔a2b2+b2c2+c2a2+2abc(a+b+c)=1ab+bc+ac=−22=−1⇔(ab+bc+ac)2=1⇔a2b2+b2c2+c2a2+2abc(a+b+c)=1
⇔a2b2+b2c2+c2a2=1⇔a2b2+b2c2+c2a2=1
Ta có : (a2+b2+c2)2=a4+b4+c4+2(a2b2+b2c2+c2a2)=4(a2+b2+c2)2=a4+b4+c4+2(a2b2+b2c2+c2a2)=4
⇔a4+b4+c2+2=4⇔a4+b4+c4=2⇔a4+b4+c2+2=4⇔a4+b4+c4=2
+ Nếu a2+b2+c2=1a2+b2+c2=1 làm tương tự
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=-5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2=25\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ca\right)^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=25\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ca\right)^2=25\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2-2\left[\left(ab\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(ca\right)^2\right]\)
\(=10^2-2.25=50\)
Ta có: a+b+c=0 ⇒(a+b+c)2=0
Hay a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0
1+2(ac+bc+ca)=0
ab+bc+ca=\(\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
\(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=100\left(1\right)\)
\(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+b^2ac+c^2ab+a^bc=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2+a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2=25\)
hay \(2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=50\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒a4+b4+c4=50
a2 + b2 + (a + b)2 = c2 + d2 + (c +d)2 => 2.(a2 + b2) + 2ab = 2.(c2 + d2) + 2cd
=> a2 + b2 + ab = c2 + d2 + cd (1)
+) a4 + b4 + (a + b)4 = (a2 + b2)2 - 2a2.b2 + (a + b)4 = [(a2 + b2)2 - a2.b2] + [(a + b)4 - a2.b2]
= (a2 + b2 - ab). (a2 + b2 + ab) + [(a + b)2 - ab].[(a+ b)2 + ab]
= (a2 + b2 - ab). (a2 + b2 + ab) + (a2 + b2 + ab). (a2 + b2 + 3ab) = (a2 + b2 + ab). [(a2 + b2 - ab) + (a2 + b2 + 3ab)]
= 2.(a2 + b2 + ab).(a2 + b2 + ab) = 2.(a2 + b2 + ab)2 (2)
Tương tự: c4 + d4 + (c+d)4 = 2. (c2 + d2 + cd)2 (3)
Từ (1)(2)(3) => đpcm