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Ta có \(\left(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2020}\right)^2=4038+2\sqrt{4076360}\) và \(\left(2\sqrt{2019}\right)^2=8076=4038+4038\)
Mà \(\left(2\sqrt{4076360}\right)^2=16305440\) và \(4038^2=16305444\)
\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{4076360}< 4038\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2020}< 2\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2020}\right)^2=4038+2\cdot\sqrt{2018\cdot2020}\)
\(\left(2\sqrt{2019}\right)^2=8076=4038+4038\)
mà \(2\cdot\sqrt{2018\cdot2020}< 4038\)
nên \(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2020}< 2\sqrt{2019}\)
Đặt \(A=\left(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2020}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2=2018+2\sqrt{2018.2020}+2020=4038+\sqrt{4.2018.2020}=4038+\sqrt{4.\left(2019^2-1\right)}\)
Đặt \(B=2\sqrt{2019}=\sqrt{4.2019}\)
\(B^2=4.2019=2.2019+2.2019=4038+\sqrt{4.2019^2}\)
=> \(\sqrt{4.2019^2}>\sqrt{4.\left(2019^2-1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>B\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2020}>2\sqrt{2019}\)
Lời giải:
$\sqrt{15}< \sqrt{16}=4$
$\sqrt{17}< \sqrt{25}=5$
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{15}+\sqrt{17}< 9< 16$
Giả sử \(8< \sqrt{15}+\sqrt{17}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow64< 15+2\sqrt{15.17}+17\)(Bình phương hai vế)
\(\Leftrightarrow32< 2\sqrt{15.17}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16< \sqrt{15.17}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16< \sqrt{\left(16-1\right)\left(16+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{16^2}< \sqrt{16^2-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16^2< 16^2-1\)(vô lí)
Chứng minh tương tự điều giả sử \(8=\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{17}\)
Vậy \(8>\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{17}\)
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Giả sử \(8>\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{17}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow64>32+2\sqrt{15×17}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16>\sqrt{\left(16-1\right)\left(16+1\right)}=\sqrt{16^2-1}\left(dung\right)\)
Vậy \(8>\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{17}\)
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\(a,\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}\right)^4=3< 4=\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^4\Rightarrow\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}< \sqrt{2}\\ b,\left(\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}\right)^4=12< 18=\left(\sqrt{3\sqrt{2}}\right)^4\Rightarrow\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{3\sqrt{2}}\\ c,\left(2+\sqrt{6}\right)^2=8+4\sqrt{6};5^2=25=8+17;\left(4\sqrt{6}\right)^2=96< 289=17^2\\ \Rightarrow4\sqrt{6}< 17\Rightarrow2+\sqrt{6}< 5\\ d,\left(7-2\sqrt{2}\right)^2=57-28\sqrt{2};4^2=16=57-41;\left(28\sqrt{2}\right)^2=1568< 41^2=1681\\ \Rightarrow28\sqrt{2}< 41\Rightarrow7-2\sqrt{2}>4\\ e,\left(\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{8}\right)^2=23+4\sqrt{30};7^2=49=23+26;\left(4\sqrt{30}\right)^2=240< 676=26^2\\ \Rightarrow4\sqrt{30}< 26\Rightarrow\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{8}< 7\)
\(f,\left(\sqrt{37}-\sqrt{14}\right)^2=51-2\sqrt{518};\left(6-\sqrt{15}\right)^2=51-12\sqrt{15};\left(2\sqrt{518}\right)^2=2072;\left(12\sqrt{15}\right)^2=2160\\ \Rightarrow2\sqrt{518}< 12\sqrt{15}\Rightarrow\sqrt{37}-\sqrt{14}>6-\sqrt{15}\)
\(^6\sqrt{2019} = b, ^6\sqrt{2020} = a \\ Then, A = a^3 - b^3; B = a^2 -b^2\\ \Rightarrow A > B \)
a) \(1=\sqrt{1}< \sqrt{2}\)
b) \(2=\sqrt{4}>\sqrt{3}\)
c) \(6=\sqrt{36}< \sqrt{41}\)
d) \(7=\sqrt{49}>\sqrt{47}\)
e) \(2=1+1=\sqrt{1}+1< \sqrt{2}+1\)
f) \(1=2-1=\sqrt{4}-1>\sqrt{3}-1\)
g) \(2\sqrt{31}=\sqrt{4.31}=\sqrt{124}>\sqrt{100}=10\)
h) \(\sqrt{3}>0>-\sqrt{12}\)
i) \(5=\sqrt{25}< \sqrt{29}\)
\(\Rightarrow-5>-\sqrt{29}\)
\(8^2=64=32+2\sqrt{16^2}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{17}\right)^2=32+2\sqrt{15.17}=32+2\sqrt{\left(16-1\right)\left(16+1\right)}\)
\(=32+2\sqrt{16^2-1}\)
\(< =>8^2>\left(\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{17}\right)^2\)
\(8>\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{17}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{2019}+\sqrt{2021}\right)^2=4040+2\sqrt{2019.2021}\)
\(=4040+2\sqrt{\left(2020-1\right)\left(2020+1\right)}=4040+2\sqrt{2020^2-1}\)
\(\left(2\sqrt{2020}\right)^2=8080=4040+2\sqrt{2020^2}\)
\(< =>\sqrt{2019}+\sqrt{2021}< 2\sqrt{2020}\)
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