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- Nam is walking now
- He is playing soccer now
- He is not working on the farm at the moment
- She is not doing her home work at present
- Is Nam walking now? Yes.He is or No.He is not
- Is she playing volleyball now? Yes .she is or No she isnot
- What is he doing at this time?《=》He is doing housework
- Where is Ba working?《=》 He is working on the farm
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Is she listening to music in the room?
-> Yes, she is
-> No, she isn't
Who is she looking for?
-> She is looking her friends
-> She isn't looking her dad
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? : Be + S + V-ing + (O) : Is he doing his homework in his room ?
- Yes, S + be : Yes,he is
- No, S + be + not : No,he isn't
Wh/Wh + be + S + V-ing + (O) : What are you doing,Peter ?
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1. Cách sử dụng • Là chủ ngữ của câu: dancing bored him. • Bổ ngữ của động từ: her hobby is painting. • Là bổ ngữ: Seeing is believing. • Sau giới từ: He was accused of smuggling. • Sau một vài động từ: avoid, mind, enjoy,... 2. Một số cách dùng đặc biệt + Những động từ sau được theo sau bởi V-ing: admit, avoid, delay, enjoy, excuse, consider, deny, finish, imagine, forgive, keep, mind, miss, postpone, practise, resist, risk, propose, detest, dread, resent, pardon, try, fancy. Ex: - He admitted taking the money. - Would you consider selling the property? - He kept complaining. - He didn't want to risk getting wet. + Verbs + prepositions: apologize for, accuse of, insist on, feel , congratulate on, suspect of, look forward to, dream of, succeed in, object to, approve/disapprove of... + Gerund cũng theo sau những cụm từ như: - It's no use / It's no good... - There's no point ( in)... - It's ( not) worth ... - Have difficult ( in) ... - It's a waste of time/ money ... - Spend/ waste time/money ... - Be/ get used to ... - Be/ get accustomed to ... - Do/ Would you mind ... ? - be busy doing something - What about ... ? How about ...? - Go + V-ing ( go shopping, go swimming... ) | Cách dùng To-infinitive: 1. Verb + to V Những động từ sau được theo sau trực tiếp bởi to-infinitive: agree, appear, arrange, attempt, ask, decide, determine, fail, endeavour, happen, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, promise, prove, refuse, seem, tend, threaten, try, volunteer, expect, want,... Ex: - She agreed to pay $50. - Two men failed to return from the expedition. - The remnants refused to leave. - She volunteered to help the disabled. - He learnt to look after himself. 2. Verb + how/ what/ when/ where/ which/ why + to V Những động từ sử dụng công thức này là: ask, decide, discover, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, see, show, think, understand, want to know, wonder... Ex: - He discovered how to open the safe. - I found out where to buy fruit cheaply. - She couldn't think what to say. - I showed her which button to press. 3. Verb + Object + to V Những động từ theo công thức này là: advise, allow, enable, encourage, forbid, force, hear, instruct, invite, order, permit, persuade, request, remind, train, urge, want, tempt... Ex: - These glasses will enable you to see in the dark. - She encouraged me to try again. - They forbade her to leave the house. - They persuaded us to go with them. |
* Note: Một số động từ có thể đi cùng với cả động từ nguyên thể và V-ing, hãy so sánh sự khác nhau về ý nghĩa giữa chúng.
Stop V-ing: dừng làm gì (dừng hẳn)
Stop to V: dừng lại để làm việc gì
Ex:
– Stop smoking: dừng hút thuốc.
– Stop to smoke: dừng lại để hút thuốc
Remember/forget/regret to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại – tương lai)
Remember/forget/regret V-ing: nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ)
Ex:
– Remember to send this letter (hãy nhớ gửi bức thư này)
– Don’t forget to buy flowers (đừng quên mua hoa nhé)
– I regret to inform you that the train was cancelled (tôi rất tiếc phải báo tin – cho anh rằng chuyến tàu đã bị hủy)
– I paid her $2. I still remember that. I still remember paying her $2. (tôi nhớ đã trả cô ấy 2 đô la rồi)
– She will never forget meeting the Queen. (cô ấy không bao giờ quên lần gặp nữ hoàng)
– He regrets leaving school early. It is the biggest mistake in his life. (Anh ấy hối tiếc vì đã bỏ học quá sớm)
Try to V: cố gắng làm gì
Try V-ing: thử làm gì
Ex:
– I try to pass the exam. (tôi cố gắng vượt qua kỳ thi)
– You should try unlocking the door with this key. (bạn nên thử mở cửa với chiếc khóa này)
V-ing: Thích làm gì vì nó thú vị, hay, cuốn hút, làm để thường thức.
to do: làm việc đó vì nó là tốt và cần thiết
Ex:
– I watching TV.
– I want to have this job. I to learn English.
Prefer V-ing to V-ing
Prefer + to V + rather than (V)
Ex:
– I prefer driving to traveling by train.
– I prefer to drive rather than travel by train.
Mean to V: Có ý định làm gì.
Mean V-ing: Có nghĩa là gì.
Ex:
– He doesn’t mean to prevent you from doing that. (Anh ấy không có ý ngăn cản bạn làm việc đó.)
– This sign means not going into. (Biển báo này có ý nghĩa là không được đi vào trong.)
Need to V: cần làm gì
Need V-ing: cần được làm gì (= need to be done)
Ex:
– I need to go to school today.
– Your hair needs cutting. (= your hair needs to be cut)
Used to V: đã từng/thường làm gì trong quá khứ (bây giờ không làm nữa)
Be/Get used to V-ing: quen với việc gì (ở hiện tại)
Ex:
– I used to get up early when I was young. (Tôi thường dậy sớm khi còn trẻ)
– I’m used to getting up early. (Tôi quen với việc dậy sớm rồi)
Advise/allow/permit/recommend + Object + to V: khuyên/cho phép/ đề nghị ai làm gì.
Advise/allow/permit/recommend + V-ing: khuyên/cho phép, đề nghị làm gì.
Ex:
– He advised me to apply at once.
– He advised applying at once.
– They don’t allow us to park here.
– They don’t allow parking here.
See/hear/smell/feel/noe/watch + Object + V-ing: cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chỉ chứng kiến 1 phần của hành động.
See/hear/smell/feel/noe/watch + Object + V: cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chứng kiến toàn bộ hành động.
Ex:
– I see him passing my house everyday.
– She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising.
– We saw him leave the house.
– I heard him make arrangements for his journey.
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HI YẾN!!
V-ED:
1.I started learning Maths when i was 6 years old.
2.I watched TV yesterday.
3.I received gifts from my mother.
4.She cycled to school last week.
5.Mary cleaned her house last Sunday.
V-ing:
1.I am doing my homewwork.
2.He is playing badminton.
3.My mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen.
4.Yen is studying English.
5.They are opening their books.
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✓ It takes John 30 minutes to walk to school.
= John spends 30 minutes walking to school.
✓ It took us three days to repair his car.
= We spent three days repairing his car.
✓ I will spend two weeks reading the new book.
= It will take me two weeks to read the new book.
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1. I spend 2 hours reading books everyday.
=> It takes me 2 hours to read books everyday.
2. My father spent 30 minutes cooking soup yesterday.
=> It took my father 30 minutes to cook soup yesterday.
3 John spends 30 minutes walking to school.
=> It takes John 30 minutes to walk to school.
4. He spent 10 minutes doing this exercise yesterday.
=> It took him 10 minutes to do this exercise yesterday.
5. I spend 45 minutes listening to music.
=> It takes me 45 minutes to listen to music.
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Đặt 5 câu thích ( không dùng từ love ; ) trong các vế sau
S + enjoy/prefer + Ving/N
vd:They enjoy/prefer eating rice.
S + do not / dose not + enjoy + Ving/N
vd:I don't enjoy playing badminton
+ S + be + keen on + Ving/N
vd:She is keen on going swimming
- S + be + not + keen on +Ving/N
vd: He is not keen on doing aerobics
Trả lời:
I enjoy that cake with my friend
Dạng câu phủ định ta có:
Does you enjoy the party
Dạng khẳng định:
+ I'm a student.
+ He's a teacher.
+ They are workers.
+ She is rude.
+ It is beautiful.
I don't drink milk
Đối vố S = be +keen ta dùng
– I’m keen on/ cycling.
Tôi ham thích đạp xe.
(Không dùng *It s me the cycling*, *keen to cycling /cycle*)
– I can’t drive yet. but I’m keen to learn.
P.s:Hok tốt
Xem kĩ tại link này:https://toomva.com/post/cau-truc-cau-khang-dinh-phu-dinh-nghi-van-cua-cac-thi-dung-trong-hien-tai=28
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We don't going to school.
I am not playing volleyball.
They aren't skatting in the park.
He isn't go swimming in the pool.
You aren't sleeping at 7 a.m.
~~~~~Bạn có thể thay đổi từ được đó~~~~~
I am not learrning literature now
he isn't playing chess with his friends
we aren't meeting our grandparents
she isn't answering the question of her friends
they aren't buying the book