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\(P=ax^2+bx+c=a\left(x^2+\frac{b}{a}x\right)+c=a\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2+c-\frac{b^2}{4a}\)
Đặt \(c-\frac{b^2}{4a}=k.\)Do \(\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2\ge0\)nên:
- Nếu a > 0 thì \(a\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2\ge0\). Do đó \(P\ge k\)
min P = k khi và chỉ khi \(x=-\frac{b}{2a}\)
- Nếu a < 0 thì \(a\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2\le0\). Do đó \(P\le k\)
max P = k khi và chỉ khi \(x=-\frac{b}{2a}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(D=ax^2+bx+c=a\left(x^2+\frac{b}{a}x\right)+c=a\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2+c-\frac{b^2}{4a}\)
Đặt \(c-\frac{b^2}{4a}=k\). Do \(\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2\ge0\)nên :
Nếu a < 0 thì \(a\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2\le0\). Do đó \(D\le k\)
Max D = k khi và chỉ khi \(x=-\frac{b}{2a}\)
hk tốt
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1 ) \(B=x^4-2x^3+3x^2-2x+1\)
\(B=x^2\left(x^2-2x+3-\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\)
\(B=x^2\left[\left(x^2+2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)-2\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+1\right]\)
\(B=x^2\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2-2\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+1\right]\)
\(B=x^2\left(x+\frac{1}{x}-1\right)^2\)
\(B=\left[x\left(x+\frac{1}{x}-1\right)\right]^2\)
\(B=\left(x^2-x+1\right)^2\)
Xét \(x^2-x+1=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(x^2-x+1\right)^2\ge\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2=\frac{9}{16}\forall x\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
2 ) \(A=ax^2+bx+c\)
\(A=a\left(x^2+\frac{bx}{a}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(A=a\left(x^2+2.x.\frac{b}{2a}+\frac{b^2}{4a^2}+\frac{c}{a}-\frac{b^2}{4a^2}\right)\)
\(A=a\left[\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2+\frac{4ac-b^2}{4a^2}\right]\)
\(A=a\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2+\frac{4ac-b^2}{4a}\ge\frac{4ac-b^2}{4a}\forall x;a;b;c\)
Dấu : = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{b}{2a}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(D=ax^2+bx+c\)
\(D=a\left(x^2+\frac{bx}{a}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(D=a\left(x^2+2.x.\frac{b}{2a}+\frac{b^2}{4a^2}+\frac{c}{a}-\frac{b^2}{4a^2}\right)\)
\(D=a\left[\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2+\frac{4ca-b^2}{4a^2}\right]\)
\(D=a\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2+\frac{4ca-b^2}{4a}\ge\frac{4ca-b^2}{4a}\forall x;a>0\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{b}{2a}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
b) Vì \(\left|a\right|=\left|-a\right|\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left|x-2020\right|=\left|2020-x\right|\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\)biểu thức P(x), ta có:
\(\left|2020-x\right|+\left|x+2021\right|\ge\left|2020-x+x+2021\right|=4041\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(P\left(x\right)\ge4041\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left(2020-x\right)\left(x+2021\right)>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2021< x< 2020\)
Vậy \(P\left(x\right)_{min}=4041\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(-2021< x< 2020\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(D=ax^2+bx+c\)
\(D=a\left(x^2+\frac{bx}{a}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(D=a\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{b}{2a}+\frac{b^2}{4a^2}+\frac{c}{a}-\frac{b^2}{4a^2}\right)\)
\(D=a\left[\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2+\frac{4ca-b^2}{4a^2}\right]\)
\(D=a\left(x+\frac{b}{2a}\right)^2+\frac{4ca-b^2}{4a}\ge\frac{4ca-b^2}{4a}\forall x;a>0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-b}{2a}\)
Ta có \(x^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow ax^2\ge0\left(a>0\right)\)
nên để \(ax^2\)nhỏ nhất thì \(x=0\)
Khi đó \(GTNN_D=a.0^2+b.0+c=c\)