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áp dụng bunhiacopski ta có:
P^2 =< (1+1+1)(1/1+x^2 + 1/1+y^2+1/1+z^2)= 3(....)
đặt (...) =A
ta có: 1/1+x^2=< 1/2x
tt với 2 cái kia
=> A=< 1/2(1/x+1/y+1/z) =<1/2 ( xy+yz+xz / xyz)=1/2 ..........
đoạn sau chj chịu
^^ sorry
Bài này là câu lớp 8 rất quen thuộc rùiiiiiii !!!!!!!!
gt <=> \(\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=1\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{x}=a;\frac{1}{y}=b;\frac{1}{z}=c\)
=> \(ab+bc+ca=1\)
VÀ: \(x=\frac{1}{a};y=\frac{1}{b};z=\frac{1}{c}\)
THAY VÀO P TA ĐƯỢC:
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{a^2}}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{b^2}}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{c^2}}}\)
=> \(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{a^2+1}{a^2}}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{b^2+1}{b^2}}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{c^2+1}{c^2}}}\)
=> \(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\)
Thay \(1=ab+bc+ca\) vào P ta sẽ được:
=> \(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}\)
=> \(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
=> \(2P=2.\sqrt{\frac{a}{a+b}}.\sqrt{\frac{a}{a+c}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{b}{b+a}}.\sqrt{\frac{b}{b+c}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{c}{c+a}}.\sqrt{\frac{c}{c+b}}\)
TA ÁP DỤNG BĐT CAUCHY 2 SỐ SẼ ĐƯỢC:
=> \(2P\le\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\)
=> \(2P\le\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
=> \(2P\le\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\)
=> \(2P\le1+1+1=3\)
=> \(P\le\frac{3}{2}\)
DẤU "=" XẢY RA <=> \(a=b=c\) . MÀ \(ab+bc+ca=1\)
=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}}\)
=> \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
VẬY P MAX \(=\frac{3}{2}\) <=> \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,B=\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)}{1-xy}\right):\left(\frac{1-xy+x+y+2xy}{1-xy}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}-x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}}{1-xy}.\frac{1-xy}{1+xy+x+y}\)
\(B=\frac{2\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{x}}{x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)}\)
\(B=\frac{2\sqrt{x}\left(y+1\right)}{\left(y+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(B=\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{x+1}\)
\(b,B=\frac{2\sqrt{\frac{2}{2+\sqrt{3}}}}{\frac{2}{2+\sqrt{3}}+1}\)
\(\frac{2\sqrt{\frac{4}{4+2\sqrt{3}}}}{\frac{4}{4+2\sqrt{3}}+1}\)
\(B=\frac{2\sqrt{\frac{4}{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}}{\frac{4}{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}+1}\)
\(B=\frac{2.2}{\sqrt{3}+1}:\frac{4+2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}+1}\)
\(B=\frac{4}{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}\)
\(B=\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1}\right)^2\)
\(c,B=\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{x+1}\)
\(B=\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}}\)
ta có :
\(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\ge2\sqrt{\sqrt{x}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}}=2\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=1\)
\(< =>MAX:B=\frac{2}{2}=1\)
Đk: x \(\ge\)0; y \(\ge\)0; xy \(\ne\)1
Ta có: B = \(\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{1-\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}\right):\left(1+\frac{x+y+2xy}{1-xy}\right)\)
B = \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{xy}+1\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{xy}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}:\frac{1-xy+x+y+2xy}{1-xy}\)
B = \(\frac{x\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-x\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}}{1-xy}\cdot\frac{1-xy}{x+y+xy+1}\)
B = \(\frac{2\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{x}}{\left(y+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{2\sqrt{x}\left(y+1\right)}{\left(y+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{x+1}\)
b) Ta có: \(x=\frac{2}{2+\sqrt{3}}=\frac{2\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}=\frac{4-2\sqrt{3}}{4-3}=4-2\sqrt{3}\)
=> \(x=3-2\sqrt{3}+1=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2\)=> \(\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{3}-1\)
Do đó, B = \(\frac{2.\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{4-2\sqrt{3}+1}=\frac{2\sqrt{3}-2}{5-2\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\left(2\sqrt{3}-2\right)\left(5+2\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(5-2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(5+2\sqrt{3}\right)}=\frac{10\sqrt{3}+12-10-4\sqrt{3}}{25-12}\)
B = \(\frac{6\sqrt{3}+2}{13}\)
c) Ta có: \(\frac{1}{B}=\frac{x+1}{2\sqrt{x}}=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{2}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\ge2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}}=2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}=1\)(đk: x \(\ne\)0)
=> \(B\le\frac{1}{1}=1\)Dấu "==" xảy ra<=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{2}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\) => \(2\sqrt{x}=2\) => \(x=1\)
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bài này dễ nhưng bạn phải chứng minh bđt này đã:
\(\frac{1}{a+b+c+d}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}\right)\)
với a;b;c;d là các số dương
bạn có thể cm bđt trên bằng cách biến đổi tương đương hoặc cm bđt Schwat (Sơ-vác)
Mình là 1 phần tử đại diện còn lại là hoàn toàn tt nhé
ta có \(\frac{1}{3\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{z}}=\frac{1}{2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)+\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}\right)\)
Tương tự ta cm được
\(VT\le\frac{1}{16}.4\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{4}.3=\frac{3}{4}\)
dấu "=" khi x=y=z
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\(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)
\(P=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+a^2}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+b^2}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+c^2}}\)
\(P=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(P=\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{a+b}.\dfrac{2a}{a+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2b}{a+b}.\dfrac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2c}{c+a}.\dfrac{c}{2\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2a}{a+b}+\dfrac{2a}{a+c}+\dfrac{2b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{2c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{2\left(c+b\right)}\right)=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{9}{4}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{7}{\sqrt{15}};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{15}};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{15}}\right)\) hay \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{15}}{7};\sqrt{15};\sqrt{15}\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Theo điều kiện giả thiết, ta có:\(\sqrt{3}\ge x+y+z\Rightarrow3\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx\le1\)\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2+xy+yz+zx}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{y^2+xy+yz+zx}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{z^2+xy+yz+zx}}=\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+x}.\frac{y}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}.\frac{z}{z+y}}\)\(\le\frac{\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+x}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{z}{z+y}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
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\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-xy+y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2-yz+z^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^2-zx+x^2}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(z-x\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{2}{y+z}+\frac{2}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\)
\(\sqrt{1\left(x-1\right)}\le\frac{1+x-1}{2}=\frac{x}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}\le\frac{\frac{x}{2}}{x}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{2\left(y-2\right)}\le\frac{y-2+2}{2}=\frac{y}{2}\Rightarrow\sqrt{y-2}\le\frac{y}{2\sqrt{2}}\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
Vậy GTLN của B là \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
tại x = 2 và y = 4