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\(a,=3\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=3\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(b,=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+x^2+1=\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)
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\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4\\ A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\\ A_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
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C=2a2+b2-2ab+10a+42
=a2-2ab+b2+a2+10a+25+17
=(a-b)2+(a+5)2+17
=>MIN(C)=17 <=>a-b=0 và a+5=0
<=>a=b=-5
vậy ..................
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\(A=x^2+y^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-2xy+2.\dfrac{1}{2}x-2.\dfrac{1}{2}.y+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(A=\left(x-y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(A_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x-y+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)
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1: Ta có: \(x^2-2x-5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1-6\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-6\ge-6\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
2: ta có: \(3x^2+5x-2\)
\(=3\left(x^2+\dfrac{5}{3}x-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{25}{36}-\dfrac{49}{36}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{49}{12}\ge-\dfrac{49}{12}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{5}{6}\)
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Bài 1:
a: \(M=x^2-10x+3\)
\(=x^2-10x+25-22\)
\(=\left(x^2-10x+25\right)-22\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2-22>=-22\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-5=0
=>x=5
b: \(N=x^2-x+2\)
\(=x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}>=\dfrac{7}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1/2=0
=>x=1/2
c: \(P=3x^2-12x\)
\(=3\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-2\right)^2-12>=-12\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0
=>x=2
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Lời giải:
$2x^2+y^2+2xy-8x-6y+30$
$=(x^2+y^2+2xy)+x^2-8x-6y+30$
$=(x+y)^2-6(x+y)+(x^2-2x)+30$
$=(x+y)^2-6(x+y)+9+(x^2-2x+1)+20$
$=(x+y-3)^2+(x-1)^2+20\geq 20$
Vậy GTNN của biểu thức là $20$ khi $x+y-3=x-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1; y=2$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(C=-3x^2+12x-7=-3\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+12-7=-3\left(x-2\right)^2+5\le5\)
\(maxC=5\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(C=-3\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+5=-3\left(x+2\right)^2+5\le5\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(A=4x^2-12x+100=\left(2x\right)^2-12x+3^2+91=\left(2x-3\right)^2+91\)
Ta có: \(\left(2x-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\inℤ\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2+91\ge91\)
hay A \(\ge91\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left(2x-3\right)^2=0\)
<=> 2x-3=0
<=> 2x=3
<=> \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy Min A=91 đạt được khi \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
b) \(B=-x^2-x+1=-\left(x^2+x-1\right)=-\left(x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{4}\right)=-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\)
Ta có: \(-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\le\frac{5}{4}\) hay B\(\le\frac{5}{4}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Max B=\(\frac{5}{4}\)đạt được khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
\(C=2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+2\)
\(C=x^2+2x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\left(x+y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\)
Ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\inℤ\\x^2\ge0\forall x\inℤ\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)
hay C\(\ge\)1
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2=0\\x^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\x=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\x=0\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy Min C=1 đạt được khi y=1 và x=0
C = \(y^2-2xy+x^2+2x^2-7\)
= \(\left(y-x\right)^2+2x^2-7\)
Do \(\left(y-x\right)^2\ge0\)
\(2x^2\ge0\)
=> \(\left(y-x\right)^2+2x^2-7\ge7\)
Min C = 7 <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x^2=0=>x^2=0=>x=0\\y-x=0=>y=0\end{cases}}\)