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\(\left(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{3-x}\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(x-1+3-x\right)=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{3-x}\le2\\ y^2+2\sqrt{2020}y+2022=\left(y^2+2y\sqrt{2020}+2020\right)+2\\ =\left(y+\sqrt{2020}\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=3-x\\y+\sqrt{2020}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-\sqrt{2020}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
ĐKXĐ: \(3\ge x\ge1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopski:
\(1\sqrt{x-1}+1\sqrt{3-x}\le\sqrt{\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(x-1+3-x\right)}=\sqrt{2.2}=2\)
Mặt khác: \(y^2+2\sqrt{2020}y+2022=\left(y+\sqrt{2020}\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Nên để thõa mãn yêu cầu bài toán thì
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{3-x}\\y+\sqrt{2020}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(tm\right)\\y=-\sqrt{2020}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4\le\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow2\le\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\le\sqrt{2\left(x+y\right)}\Rightarrow x+y\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y}=x+y\ge2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
Dạ có thể diễn đạt theo cách dễ hiểu cho đứa ngu lâu dốt bền như em được không ạ ? ._.
\(\sqrt{x-1}-y\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{y-1}-x\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y-1}\right)+\left(x\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{y}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
\(\Rightarrow S=2x^2-8x+5=2\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Tại sao từ:\(\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y-1}\right)\) lại => đc: \(\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}\)??????????
ĐKXĐ: x,y >1
\(\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{x-1}+x^2=\sqrt{y^2+5}+\sqrt{y-1}+y^2\\ \)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+5}-\sqrt{y^2+5}+\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y-1}\right)+x^2-y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(\sqrt{x^2+5}-\sqrt{y^2+5}\right).\left(\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2+5}\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2+5}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y-1}\right).\left(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}\right)}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+\left(x^2-y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x^2+5\right)-\left(y^2+5\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2+5}}+\frac{\left(x-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+\left(x^2-y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-y^2}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2+5}}+\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+\left(x^2-y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right).\left(\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2+5}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+x+y\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-y=0\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
Giả sử x=y
Khi đó:
\(\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{x-1}+x^2\)
\(=\sqrt{y^2+5}+\sqrt{x-1}+y^2\)
Luôn đúng
Vậy ta suy ra đpcm
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{y-1}+2\sqrt{z-2}=x+y+z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+\left(y-1-2\sqrt{y-1}+1\right)+\left(z-2-2\sqrt{z-2}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-2}-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-1=0\\\sqrt{y-1}-1=0\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\\z=3\end{cases}}\\\sqrt{z-2}-1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-1=0\\\sqrt{y-1}-1=0\Leftrightarrow\\\sqrt{z-2}-1=0\end{cases}\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\\z=3\end{cases}}}\)
vậy \(S=x+y=1+2=3\)
Lời giải:
Ta có:\(y^2+2\sqrt{2020}y+2022=(y^2+2\sqrt{2020}y+2020)+2=(y+\sqrt{2020})^2+2\geq 2(1)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{3-x})^2\leq (x-1+3-x)(1+1)=4$
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{3-x}\leq 2(2)$
Từ $(1); (2)\Rightarrow \sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{3-x}\leq 2\leq y^2+2\sqrt{2020}y+2022$
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi mà: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{x-1}{1}=\frac{3-x}{1}\\ y+\sqrt{2020}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=2\\ y=-\sqrt{2020}\end{matrix}\right.\)