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Ta có:
\(a:b=2\dfrac{3}{3}:\dfrac{9}{10}=3:\dfrac{9}{10}=3\times\dfrac{10}{9}=\dfrac{30}{9}=\dfrac{10}{3}\)
Vậy, tỉ số của a và b là `10/3`
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{7}{25}+\dfrac{-1}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{7}{25}+\dfrac{-5}{25}=\dfrac{2}{25}\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{6}{25}\)
Vậy: \(x=\dfrac{6}{25}\)
b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{4}{9}+\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{5}{11}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{5}{11}-\dfrac{4}{9}=\dfrac{45}{99}-\dfrac{44}{99}=\dfrac{1}{99}\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{5}{99}\)
Vậy: \(x=\dfrac{5}{99}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 3:
a chia 36 dư 12 số đó có dạng \(a=36k+12\left(k\in N\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=4\left(9k+3\right)\) nên a chia hết cho 4
Mà: \(9k\) ⋮ 3 ⇒ \(9k+3\) không chia hết cho 3
Nên a không chia hết cho 3
Bài 4:
a) \(x\in B\left(7\right)\) \(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;7;14;21;28;35;42;49;...\right\}\)
Mà: \(x\le35\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;7;14;21;28;35\right\}\)
b) \(x\inƯ\left(18\right)\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;2;3;6;9;18\right\}\)
Mà: \(4< x\le10\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{6;9\right\}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(x=-\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{-10-7}{12}=-\dfrac{17}{12}\)
b, \(\dfrac{2}{9}-x=-\dfrac{4}{3}.\dfrac{5}{6}=-\dfrac{24}{18}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{9}+\dfrac{4}{3}=\dfrac{14}{9}\)
c, \(-3=x-1\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
d, \(\dfrac{3}{5}x-\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{4}{5}:\dfrac{1}{5}=4\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{5}x=4+\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{14}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{14}{3}:\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{70}{9}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{8}{x}\\ \Rightarrow x^2=16\\ \Rightarrow x=\pm4\\ b,\dfrac{x+1}{5}=\dfrac{x+1}{5}\left(luôn.đúng\right)\\ c,\dfrac{x+1}{5}=\dfrac{x+3}{10}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2x+2}{10}=\dfrac{x+3}{10}\\ \Rightarrow2x+2=x+3\\ \Rightarrow2x-x=3-2\\ \Rightarrow x=1\\ d,\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{18}{x+1}\\ \Rightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=4.18\\ \Rightarrow x^2+x=72\\ \Rightarrow x^2+x-72=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x^2+9x\right)-\left(8x+72\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow x\left(x+9\right)-8\left(x+9\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-8\right)\left(x+9\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,\) Vì \(x,y\in Z\) nên \(\left(3x+2\right):3R2;R1\)
Mà \(\left(3x+2\right)\left(y-8\right)=12\) nên \(3x+2\inƯ\left(12\right)=\left\{-12;-6;-4;-3;-2;-1;1;2;3;4;6;12\right\}\)
Do đó \(3x+2\in\left\{-4;-1;2\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;-1;0\right\}\)
Với \(x=-2\Rightarrow\left(-4\right)\left(y-8\right)=12\Rightarrow y-8=-3\Rightarrow y=5\)
Với \(x=-1\Rightarrow\left(-3\right)\left(y-8\right)=12\Rightarrow y-8=-4\Rightarrow y=4\)
Với \(x=0\Rightarrow2\left(y-8\right)=12\Rightarrow y-8=6\Rightarrow y=14\)
Vậy PT có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)\) là \(\left(-2;5\right);\left(-1;4\right);\left(0;14\right)\)
\(b,\) Vì \(x,y\in Z\) nên \(\left(5x-4\right):5R1;R4\)
Mà \(\left(5x-4\right)\left(y+3\right)=-18\)
\(\Rightarrow5x-4\inƯ\left(-18\right)=\left\{-18;-9;-6;-3;-2;-1;1;2;3;6;9;18\right\}\\ \Rightarrow5x-4\in\left\{-9;1;6\right\}\\ \Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;1;2\right\}\)
Với \(x=-1\Rightarrow-9\left(y+3\right)=-18\Rightarrow y+3=2\Rightarrow y=-1\)
Với \(x=1\Rightarrow y+3=18\Rightarrow y=15\)
Với \(x=2\Rightarrow6\left(y+3\right)=18\Rightarrow y+3=3\Rightarrow y=0\)
Vậy PT có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)\) là \(\left(-1;-1\right);\left(1;15\right);\left(2;0\right)\)
\(\frac{a}{9}-\frac{3}{b}=\frac{1}{18}\Rightarrow\frac{a.b}{9b}-\frac{27}{9b}=\frac{1}{18}\Rightarrow\frac{ab-27}{9b}=\frac{1}{18}\)
=> 18.﴾ab‐27﴿ = 9b => 2﴾ab‐27﴿ = b=> 2ab ‐54 ‐b = 0 => 2ab ‐ b= 54
=> ﴾2a‐1﴿.b = 54 => 2a‐1 ; b là ước của 54
Ư﴾54﴿ = {54;1; 27;2; 9; 6; 3; 18;}
Nhận thấy 2a ‐1 là số lẻ nên ta chỉ cần chọn các trường hợp:
Nếu 2a ‐1 = 1 => a = 1 => b = 54
Nếu 2a ‐1 = 27 => a = 14 => b = 2
Nếu 2a ‐1 = 9 => a = 5 => b = 6
Nếu 2a‐1 = 3 => a= 2 => b= 18
Vậy....