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Rewrite the following sentences,using an infinitive phrase,a participle phrase or present participle:
1.The boy who was awarded by the headmaster is one of the best students in this school
-> The boy awarded by the headmaster is one of the best students in this school2.I like reading short stories which was written by Nam Cao
-> I like reading short stories written by Nam Cao
3.It is very hard for those who come back to their hometown on Tet holiday to buy train tickets
-> It is very hard for those coming back to their hometown on Tet holiday to buy train tickets
4.The man who drove his car on the left is getting a fine from the policeman
-> The man driving his car on the left is getting a fine from the policeman
5.Why didn't the last student who left the room turn the lights off
-> Why didn't the last student to leave the room turn the lights off ?
II . Change the relative clauses to phrases, using to-infinitive or infinitive phrases ( for+ O + to-infinitive)
1. We used to have a room in which we could play music.
=>We used to have a room in to play music.
2. The child will be happier if he has someone that he can play with.
=>The child will be happier if he has someone to play with.
3. David was the only person who offered his help.
=>David was the only person to offered his help.
4. we had to sit on the ground because we hadn’t anything that we could sit on.
=>We had to sit on the ground because we hadn't anything to sit on.
5. She didn’t have anyone to whom she could send cards.
=>She didn't have anyone to send cards.
6. There is a big yard that your children can play in.
=>There is a big yard for your children to play in.
7. Emma Thompson is the most famous actress who will appear on stage here.
=>Emma Thompson is the most famous actress to appear on stage here.
8. We have some picture books that children can read.
=>We have some picture books for children to read.
9. He was the second man who was killed in this way.
=>He was the second man to be killed in this way.
10.Here are some novels that she should read.
=>Here are some novels for her to read .
1. The path which leads=>leading to the pagoda is very narrow.
2. A competitor is someone who takes=>taking part in a competition.
3. The school which was founded=>founded 20 years ago is still there.
4. The captain was the last person who left=>to leave the sinking ship.
5. Brazil is the first team which has won=>to win the world cup three times.
6. Jim, who was shocked=>shocking at what he saw, couldn’t say a word.
7. The girl who is singing=>singing on the stage is my classmate.
8. You should choose the clothes that suit=>suited your personality.
9. I like films that have=>having happy ending.
10. Jane had a few letters that she had to type=>to type.
Rewrite the sentences,changing the relative clauses into clauses with a pressent participle,a past participle or a To-infinitive.
1. The path which leads to the pagoda is very narrow.
The path leading to the pagoda is very narrow.
2. A competitor is someone who takes part in a competition.
A competitor is someone to take part in a competition.
3. The school which was founded 20 years ago is still there.
the school founded 20 years ago is still there.
4. The captain was the last person who left the sinking ship.
The captain was the last person to leave the sinking ship.
5. Brazil is the first team which has won the world cup three times.
Brazil is the first team winning the world cup three times.
6. Jim, who was shocked at what he saw, couldn’t say a word.
Jim shocked at what he saw, couldn’t say a word.
7. The girl who is singing on the stage is my classmate.
the girl singing on the stage is my classmate.
8. You should choose the clothes that suit your personality.
You should choose the clothes to suit your personality.
9. I like films that have happy ending.
I like films having happy ending.
10. Jane had a few letters that she had to type.
Jane had a few letters to type.
Replace the relative clause in each of the following sentences with a non-finite from of the verb.
1. At the station we were met by a man who was carrying a balck briefcase.
=> At the station we were met by a man carrying a black briefcase.
2. The next train that will arrive is from Edinburch
=> The next train arriving is from Edinburch.
3. Anyone who did not hear that noise must have been stone deaf.
=> Anyone not hearing that noise must have been stone deaf.
4. The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.
=> The castle, burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never built.
5. Any driver who does not have a licence ought to be sent to prison right away.
=> Any driver not having a licence ought to be sent to prison right away.
6.The train which was standing at platform six is for Bristol.
=> The train standing at platform six is for Bristol.
7. Any article that is left on the bus will be taken to the Lost Property Office.
=> Any article left on the bus will be taken to the Lost Property Office.
8. Everybody, who heard the noise, jumped up in alarm.
=> Everybody hearing the noise jumped up in alarm.
9. The last problem, which should be considered at out next meeting, is how to invest the money.
=> The last problem to be considered at out next meeting is how to invest the money.
10. The best man who you can see for your eye trouble is Doctor Edwards.
=> The best man to see for your eye trouble is Doctor Edwards.
11. We collided with a car which was driven by a young man without a license.
=> We collided with a car driven by a young man without a license.
12. A car, which was coming unexpectededly out of a side street, crashed into us.
=> A car coming unexpectedly out of a side street crashed into us.
13. The first man who flew non-stop across the Atlantic was John Alcock.
=> The first man to fly non-stop across the Atlantic was John Alcock.
14. The cheapest place where we can eat is the cafeteria.
=> The cheapest place to eat is the cafeteria.
15. He was accompanied by a porter who weighed at least 150 kilos.
=> He was accompained by a porter weighing at least 150 kilos.
III. Comment on each situation. Use the to-infinitive structure:
1. David offered his help. No one else did. -> David was the only person to offer his help.
2. Oliva’s daughter swam a length of the pool. No other girl as young as her did that.
-> Oliva’s daughter was the only girl at her age to swim a length of the pool.
3. The secretaries got a pay rise. No one else did.
-> The secretaries were the only people to get a pay rise.
4. The pilot left the aircraft. Everyone else had left before him.
The pilot was the last person to leave the aircraft.
5. Mrs. Harper became Managing Director. No other woman had done that before
-> Mrs. Harper was the first woman to become Managing Director.
6. Daniel applied for the job. No other candidate as suitable as him applied.
-> Daniel was the most suitable candidate to apply for the job.
7. Janet solved the puzzle. She did it before everyone else.
-> Janet was the first person to solve the puzzle.
8. Mark wrote a letter of thanks. No one else did.
-> Mark was the only person to write a letter of thanks.
V. Each of these sentences contain errors in it. Write the correct sentence
1. There were a lot of people waited -> waiting in a lounge outside the box office.
2. This isn’t the bus on that -> which I normally travel.
3. Baseball is the only sport which I am interested in. (không có lỗi?)
4. The reason because -> why I didn’t know was that no one had told me.
5. I didn’t know the name of the man helped -> helping me.
6. I’ve met many people, some of them -> whom are from my country.
7. Hiroko was born in Sapporo that -> which is a city in Japan.
8. Dr. Darnell was the only person to -> \(\varnothing\) whom I wanted to see.
9. Rupert knows the family who’s -> whose house is for rent.
10. Students who -> \(\varnothing\) living on campus are close to their classroom and the library.
11. Einstein, who failed his university entrance exam, discovered relativity. (thêm dấu phẩy)
12. The person whom we talked to was very friendly.
13. The bridge building -> built only two years ago has been declared unsafe.
14. It’s the President who makes the important decision.
15. I can’t find my diary, what -> which is a real nuisance.
16. Outside the door was a pair of boots covering -> covered in mud.
17. Lake Superior, that -> which lies on the US Canadian border, is the largest lake in North America.
18. My favorite place in the world is a small city is -> \(\varnothing\) located on the southern coast of Brazil.
19. I would like to live in the country which -> where there is plenty of sunshine.
20. The nice couple with who -> whom we went on holiday has just moved in next door.
Rewrite the following sentences,using an infinitive phrase,a participle phrase or present participle:
1.Students who apply for this course have to pay the registration fee
-> Students applying for this course have to pay the registration fee2.Tom often helps those who lose their houses in storms
-> Tom often helps those losing their houses in storms
3.The first man who traveled to the outer space was Neil
-> The first man to travel to the outer space was Neil
4.Mary is the only one that can solve that math problem
-> Mary is the only one to solve that math problem
5.Professor Dum,who tries his best to protect Ha,did not allow him enter the forbidden forest
-> Professor Dum, trying his best to protect Ha,did not allow him enter the forbidden forest