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a) \(PT:CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaOH+H_2O\)
b) \(m_{HCl}=\frac{200.10,95\%}{100\%}=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\frac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
c) \(n_{NaOH}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(pưNaOH\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(pưCaCO_3\right)}=0,6-0,1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
d) \(n_{CaCO_3}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl\left(pưCaCO_3\right)}=0,5.\frac{1}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)
e) \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
f) \(n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ddA}=25+200-0,25.44=214\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\frac{0,25.111}{214}.100\%=12,97\%\)
\(C\%_{ddHCldư}=\frac{0,1.36,5}{214}.100\%=1,71\%\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,4 0,2
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\\
C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{200}.100\%=7,3\%\)
1/ nMgO= 16/40=0.4 (mol)
MgO + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
Từ PTHH:
nMgCl2= 0.4 (mol)
mMgCl2= 0.4*95=38g
nHCl= 0.8 (mol)
VHCl= 0.8/0.5=1.6 (l)
2/ Đặt: nAl= x (mol), nFe= y (mol)
mhh= 27x + 56y= 11g (1)
2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
Từ PTHH:
nH2= 1.5x + y= 8.96/22.4=0.4 (mol) (2)
Giải (1) và (2):
x=0.2
y=0.1
mAl= 0.2*27=5.4g
%Al= 5.4/11*100%= 49.09%
%Fe= 5.6/11*100%= 50.91%
nH2SO4= 0.3+0.1=0.4 (mol)
mH2SO4= 0.4*98=39.2g
mddH2SO4= 39.2*100/20=196g
mdd sau phản ứng= 11+196-0.8=206.2g
C%Al2(SO4)3= 34.2/206.2*100=16.58%
C%FeSO4= 15.2/206.2*100= 7.37%
nH2 = VH2 : 22,4 = 3,36 : 22,4 = 0,15 mol
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Tỉ lệ: 2 3
Pứ: ? mol 0,15
Từ pthh ta có nAl = 2/3 nH2 = 2/3 . 0,15 = 0,1 mol
=> mAl = nAl . MAl = 0,1 . 27 = 2,7g
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=2.0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ a,m=m_{Zn}=0,15.65=9,75\left(g\right)\\ b,C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15}=0,2\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,15.136=20,4\left(g\right)\)
`a)PTHH:`
`Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`
`0,4` `0,4` `0,4`
`n_[H_2] = [ 8,96 ] / [ 22,4 ] = 0,4 (mol)`
`b) m_[Fe] = 0,4 . 56 = 22,4 (g)`
`c) m_[FeCl_2] = 0,4 . 127 = 50,8 (g)`
a. Mg + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2
0,05 mol 0,1 mol 0,05 mol
b. mMg =0,05.24 = 1,2 gam
mHClbanđầu = mHClpu + mHCl dư
= 3,65 + 3,65.20% = 4,38gam
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_3}=0,2.162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=6n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(M\right)\)