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Bài 2:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{81}}\cdot P=\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9\cdot9\cdot\left(a+2b\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9\cdot9\cdot\left(b+2c\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9\cdot9\cdot\left(c+2a\right)}}\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{a+2b+9+9}+\frac{3}{b+2c+9+9}+\frac{3}{c+2a+9+9}\ge3\left(\frac{9}{3a+3b+3c+54}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt[3]{3}\)
Dấu bằng xẩy ra khi a=b=c=3
Bài 1:
\(ab+bc+ca=5abc\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=5\)
Theo bđt côsi-shaw ta luôn có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\ge\frac{25}{x+y+z+t+k}\)(x=y=z=t=k>0 ) (*)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z+t+k\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\right)\ge25\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z+t+k\ge5\sqrt[5]{xyztk}\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{1}{xyztk}}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z+t+k\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\right)\ge25\)
\(\Rightarrow\)(*) luôn đúng
Từ (*) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\right)\le\frac{1}{x+y+z+t+k}\)
Ta có: \(P=\frac{1}{2a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+2c}+\frac{1}{2a+b+2c}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{2a+2b+c}=\frac{1}{a+a+b+b+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{a+2b+2c}=\frac{1}{a+b+b+c+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+b+2c}=\frac{1}{a+a+b+c+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{25}\left[5.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le1\left(đpcm\right)\)Dấu"="xảy ra khi a=b=c\(=\frac{3}{5}\)
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\(P=\dfrac{bc}{\dfrac{a^2bc}{c}+\dfrac{a^2bc}{b}}+\dfrac{ca}{\dfrac{b^2ac}{a}+\dfrac{b^2ac}{c}}+\dfrac{ab}{\dfrac{c^2ab}{b}+\dfrac{c^2ab}{a}}=\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{a^2b^2c+a^2bc^2}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{b^2a^2c+b^2ac^2}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{c^2a^2b+c^2ab^2}=\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{ab+ac}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{ba+bc}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{ca+cb}\ge\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1
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\(a+b+c=\sqrt{6063}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{2021}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{2021}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{2021}}=\sqrt{3}\)
Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{2021}};\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{2021}};\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{2021}}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=\sqrt{3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{2x}{\sqrt{2x^2+1}}+\dfrac{2y}{\sqrt{2y^2+1}}+\dfrac{2z}{\sqrt{2z^2+1}}\)
Ta có đánh giá:
\(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{2x^2+1}}\le\dfrac{3\sqrt{15}x+2\sqrt{5}}{25}\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương:
\(\left(\sqrt{3}x-1\right)^2\left(9x^2+10\sqrt{3}x+2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(P\le\dfrac{6\sqrt{15}\left(x+y+z\right)+12\sqrt{5}}{25}=\dfrac{6\sqrt{5}}{5}\)
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\(a^2b^2c^2+\left(a+1\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge a+b+c+ab+bc+ca+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(abc\right)^2+abc-2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(abc+2\right)\left(abc-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow abc\ge1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)\left(2c+3a\right)}+\frac{b+2c}{45}+\frac{2c+3a}{75}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)\left(2c+3b\right)}\cdot\frac{b+2c}{45}\cdot\frac{2c+3a}{75}}=\frac{a}{5}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b^3}{\left(c+2a\right)\left(2a+3b\right)}+\frac{c+2a}{45}+\frac{2a+3b}{75}\ge\frac{b}{5}\left(2\right)\\\frac{c^3}{\left(a+2b\right)\left(2b+3c\right)}+\frac{a+2b}{45}+\frac{2b+3c}{75}\ge\frac{c}{5}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1)(2)(3) ta có:
\(P+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{15}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{5}\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{15}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Mà \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow S\ge\frac{1}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
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\(1=\left(a+b+c\right)^4=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\right)^2\)
Mặt khác áp dụng \(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\left[\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\right]^2\ge8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\)
Nên ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\) (hiển nhiên đúng)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;0;1\right);\left(0;\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\) và các hoán vị của chúng
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\(S\le\frac{a}{2a+2b+2c}+\frac{b}{2a+2b+2c}+\frac{c}{2a+2b+2c}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(S_{max}=\frac{1}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(P\ge0\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=3;b=0;c=0\) và các hoán vị
ko mất tính tổng quát, giả sử b nằm giữa a và c => \(c\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(P\le a^2b+bc^2+abc\le b\left(c+a\right)^2\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2b+c+a+c+a}{3}\right)^3=4\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=2;b=1;c=0\) và các hoán vị