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Câu 2
\((1) MnO_2 + 4HCl \to MnCl_2 + Cl_2 + 2H_2O\\ (2) Cl_2 + H_2 \xrightarrow{as} 2HCl\\ (3) 3Cl_2 + 2Fe \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3\\ (4) 2FeCl_3 + Fe \to 3FeCl_2\\ (5) 2NaOH + Cl_2 \to NaCl + NaClO + H_2O\)
\((1) 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ (2) 2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3\\ (3) C + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2\\ (4) 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ (5) 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\\ (6) 2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2\\ (7) Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2\\ (8) Cu + 2H_2SO_4 \to CuSO_4 + SO_2 + 2H_2O\\ (9) 2Fe + 6H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 + 6H_2O\\ (10) 2Al + 6H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 + 6H_2O\)
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Câu 16:
PTHH: \(Cl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+NaClO+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{600\cdot20\%}{40}=3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) 2 chất p/ứ hết
Mặt khác: \(m_{Cl_2}=1,5\cdot71=106,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{nướcjaven}=m_{Cl_2}+m_{ddNaOH}=706,5\left(g\right)\)
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Câu 4:
PTHH: \(Zn+S\underrightarrow{t^o}ZnS\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,65}{65}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\n_S=\dfrac{0,384}{32}=0,012\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Lưi huỳnh còn dư, Kẽm p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnS}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\n_{S\left(dư\right)}=0,002\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnS}=0,01\cdot97=0,97\left(g\right)\\m_{S\left(dư\right)}=0,002\cdot32=0,064\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
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a) Cl2 + 2NaOH --> NaClO + NaCl + H2O
Chất oxh: Cl2, chất khử: Cl2
Sự oxh | Cl0 -1e--> Cl+1 | x1 |
Sự khử | Cl0 +1e--> Cl-1 | x1 |
b) \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right);n_{NaOH}=0,5.4=2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Cl2 + 2NaOH --> NaClO + NaCl + H2O
_____0,8---->1,6--------->0,8---->0,8
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(NaCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,5}=1,6M\\C_{M\left(NaClO\right)}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,5}=1,6M\\C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{2-1,6}{0,5}=0,8M\end{matrix}\right.\)
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nH2SO4=0,045mol nKOH=0,03
PT: X + H2SO4 ==> XSO4 + H2 (1)
H2SO4 + 2KOH ==> K2SO4 + 2H2O (2)
Từ 1 --> nH2SO4 dư = 0,015
--> nX=nH2SO4 pứ= 0,045-0,015=0,03
MX=1,2:0,03=40 --> X là Ca