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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1) Ta có : \(\frac{2016a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2016b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2016c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2016d}{d}\)
Trừ 4 vế với 2015 ta được : \(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
Nếu a + b + c + d = 0
=> a + b = -(c + d)
=> b + c = (-a + d)
=> c + d = -(a + b)
=> d + a = (-b + c)
Khi đó M = (-1) + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) = - 4
Nếu a + b + c + d\(\ne0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{d}\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)
Khi đó M = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4
2) a) Ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x+2013\right|\ge0\forall x\\\left(3x-7\right)^{2004}\ge0\forall y\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left|x+2013\right|+\left(3x-7\right)^{2014}\ge0}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+2013=0\\3y-7=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2013\\y=\frac{7}{3}\end{cases}}}\)
b) 72x + 72x + 3 = 344
=> 72x + 72x.73 = 344
=> 72x.(1 + 73) = 344
=> 72x = 1
=> 72x = 70
=> 2x = 0 => x = 0
c) Ta có :
\(\frac{7}{2x+2}=\frac{3}{2y-4}=\frac{5}{x+4}\Leftrightarrow\frac{7}{2x+2}=\frac{3}{2y-4}=\frac{10}{2x+8}=\frac{7-10}{2x+2-2x-8}=\frac{1}{2}\)(dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
=> 2x + 2 = 14 => x = 6 ;
2y - 4 = 6 => y = 5 ;
6 + 5 + z = 17 => z = 6
Vậy x = 6 ; y = 5 ; z = 6
3) a) Ta có : \(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b-c}=\frac{a-b+c}{a-b-c}=\frac{a+b+c-a+b-c}{a+b-c-a+b+c}=\frac{2b}{2b}=1\)(dãy ti số bằng nhau)
=> a + b + c = a + b - c => a + b + c - a - b + c = 0 => 2c = 0 => c = 0;
Lại có : \(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b-c}-1=\frac{a-b+c}{a-b-c}-1\Leftrightarrow\frac{2c}{a+b-c}=\frac{2c}{a-b-c}\Rightarrow a+b-c=a-b-c\) => b = 0
Vậy c = 0 hoặc b = 0
c) Ta có : \(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{a+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+b+c+a+c}{c+a+b}=2\)(dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\a+c=2b\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó P = \(\left(1+\frac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{a}\right)=\frac{b+c}{b}.\frac{c+a}{c}=\frac{a+b}{a}=\frac{2a.2b.2c}{abc}=8\)
Vậy P = 8
2. b) \(7^{2x}+7^{2x+3}=344\)
\(7^{2x}\cdot\left(1+7^3\right)=344\)
\(7^{2x}\cdot\left(1+343\right)=344\)
\(7^{2x}\cdot344=344\)
\(7^{2x}=1\)
\(7^{2x}=7^0\)
\(2x=0\)
\(x=0\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1) a.Ta có \(A=\frac{3n+9}{n-4}=\frac{3n-12+21}{n-4}=\frac{3\left(n-4\right)}{n-4}+\frac{21}{n-4}=3+\frac{21}{n-4}\)
Vì \(3\inℤ\Rightarrow\frac{21}{n-4}\inℤ\Rightarrow21⋮n-4\Rightarrow n-4\inƯ\left(21\right)\)
=> \(n-4\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3;7;-7;21;-21\right\}\)
=> \(n\in\left\{5;3;8;1;11;-3;25;-17\right\}\)
b) Ta có B = \(\frac{6n+5}{2n-1}=\frac{6n-3+8}{2n-1}=\frac{3\left(2n-1\right)+8}{2n-1}=3+\frac{8}{2n-1}\)
Vì \(3\inℤ\Rightarrow\frac{8}{2n-1}\inℤ\Rightarrow2n-1\inƯ\left(8\right)\Rightarrow2n-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;8;-8\right\}\)(1)
lại có với mọi n nguyên => 2n \(⋮\)2 => 2n - 1 không chia hết cho 2 (2)
Kết hợp (1) ; (2) => \(2n-1\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\Rightarrow n\in\left\{1;0\right\}\)
2) Ta có : \(\frac{5}{x}+\frac{y}{4}=\frac{1}{8}\)
=> \(\frac{20+xy}{4x}=\frac{1}{8}\)
=> 4x = 8(20 + xy)
=> x = 2(20 + xy)
=> x = 40 + 2xy
=> x - 2xy = 40
=> x(1 - 2y) = 40
Nhận thấy : với mọi y nguyên => 1 - 2y là số không chia hết cho 2 (1)
mà x(1 - 2y) = 40
=> 1 - 2y \(\inƯ\left(40\right)\)(2)
Kết hợp (1) (2) => \(1-2y\in\left\{1;5;-1;-5\right\}\)
Nếu 1 - 2y = 1 => x = 40
=> y = 0 ; x = 40
Nếu 1 - 2y = 5 => x = 8
=> y = -2 ; x = 8
Nếu 1 - 2y = -1 => x = -40
=> y = 1 ; y = - 40
Nếu 1 - 2y = -5 => x = -8
=> y = 3 ; x =-8
Vậy các cặp (x;y) thỏa mãn là : (40 ; 0) ; (8; - 2) ; (-40 ; 1) ; (-8 ; 3)
4) \(\frac{\left(\frac{3}{10}-\frac{4}{15}-\frac{7}{20}\right).\frac{5}{19}}{\left(\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{-3}{35}\right).\frac{-4}{3}}=\frac{-\frac{19}{60}.\frac{5}{19}}{\frac{21}{70}.\frac{-4}{3}}=\frac{-\frac{5}{60}}{\frac{2}{5}}=-\frac{5}{60}:\frac{2}{5}=-\frac{5}{24}\)
b) \(\frac{\left(1+2+3+...+100\right)\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{9}\right).\left(6,3.12-21.3,6\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+....+\frac{1}{100}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(1+2+3+...+100\right)\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{9}\right).0}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{100}}=0\)
c) \(\frac{\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{11}}{\frac{4}{9}-\frac{4}{7}-\frac{4}{11}}+\frac{\frac{3}{5}-\frac{3}{25}-\frac{3}{125}}{\frac{4}{5}-\frac{4}{25}-\frac{4}{125}}=\frac{\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{11}}{4\left(\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{11}\right)}+\frac{3\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{25}-\frac{1}{125}\right)}{4\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{25}-\frac{1}{125}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(A=\frac{12}{3.7}+\frac{12}{7.11}+...+\frac{12}{195.199}\)
\(=3.\left(\frac{4}{3.7}+\frac{4}{7.11}+...+\frac{4}{195.199}\right)\)
\(=3.\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{11}+...+\frac{1}{195}-\frac{1}{199}\right)\)
\(=3.\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{199}\right)\)
\(=3.\left(\frac{199}{597}-\frac{3}{597}\right)\)
\(=3.\frac{196}{597}\)
\(=\frac{196}{199}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\frac{1}{a+b}=\frac{2}{b+c}=\frac{3}{c+a}=\frac{1+2+3}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{3}{a+b+c}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{c+a}=\frac{3}{a+b+c}\Rightarrow c+a=a+b+c\Rightarrow b=0\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\frac{a+2021b+c}{a+2022b+c}=\frac{a+c}{a+c}=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\begin{array}{l}a)A = (2 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{8}):(1 - \frac{3}{2} - \frac{3}{4})\\ = (\frac{{16}}{8} - \frac{4}{8} - \frac{1}{8}):(\frac{4}{4} - \frac{6}{4} - \frac{3}{4})\\ = \frac{{11}}{8}:\frac{{ - 5}}{4}\\ = \frac{{11}}{8}.\frac{4}{{ - 5}}\\ = \frac{{ - 11}}{{10}}\\b)B = 5 - \frac{{1 + \frac{1}{3}}}{{1 - \frac{1}{3}}}\\ = 5 - \frac{{\frac{3}{3} + \frac{1}{3}}}{{\frac{3}{3} - \frac{1}{3}}}\\ = 5 - \frac{{\frac{4}{3}}}{{\frac{2}{3}}}\\ = 5 - \frac{4}{3}:\frac{2}{3}\\ = 5 - \frac{4}{3}.\frac{3}{2}\\ = 5 - 2\\ = 3\end{array}\)
Chú ý:
Khi thực hiện phép cộng hai phân số, nếu phân số thu được chưa tối giản thì ta rút gọn thành phân số tối giản.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Cách 1:
\(\begin{array}{l}(8 + 2\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + 0,4) - (3\frac{1}{3} - 2)\\ = (8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + \frac{4}{{10}}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - 2)\\ = 8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5} - 5 - \frac{2}{5} - \frac{{10}}{3} + 2\\ = (8 - 5 + 2) + (\frac{7}{3} - \frac{{10}}{3}) - (\frac{3}{5} + \frac{2}{5})\\ = 5 + \frac{{ - 3}}{3} - \frac{5}{5}\\ = 5 + ( - 1) - 1\\ = 3\end{array}\)
Cách 2:
\(\begin{array}{l}(8 + 2\frac{1}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + 0,4) - (3\frac{1}{3} - 2)\\ = (8 + \frac{7}{3} - \frac{3}{5}) - (5 + \frac{4}{{10}}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - 2)\\ = (\frac{{120}}{{15}} + \frac{{35}}{{15}} - \frac{9}{{15}}) - (\frac{{25}}{5} + \frac{2}{5}) - (\frac{{10}}{3} - \frac{6}{3})\\ = \frac{{146}}{{15}} - \frac{{27}}{5} - \frac{4}{3}\\ = \frac{{146}}{{15}} - \frac{{81}}{{15}} - \frac{{20}}{{15}}\\ = \frac{{45}}{{15}}\\ = 3\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}(7 - \frac{1}{2} - \frac{3}{4}):(5 - \frac{1}{4} - \frac{5}{8})\\ = (\frac{{28}}{4} - \frac{2}{4} - \frac{3}{4}):(\frac{{40}}{8} - \frac{2}{8} - \frac{5}{8})\\ = \frac{{23}}{4}:\frac{{33}}{8}\\ = \frac{{23}}{4}.\frac{8}{{33}}\\ = \frac{{46}}{{33}}\end{array}\)