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\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A-\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^3}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=3\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{A}=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3^{99}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
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a:
Số số hạng trong dãy M là:
(1002-12):10+1=100(số)
=>Sẽ có 50 cặp (1002;992); (982;972);....;(22;12) có hiệu bằng 10
\(M=1002-992+982-972+...+22-12\)
\(=\left(1002-992\right)+\left(982-972\right)+...+\left(22-12\right)\)
\(=10+10+...+10\)
=10*50=500
b: \(N=\left(202+182+...+42+22\right)-\left(192+172+...+32+12\right)\)
\(=\left(202-192\right)+\left(182-172\right)+...+\left(22-12\right)\)
=10+10+...+10
=10*10=100
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Lời giải:
Gọi vế trái là $A$
$2A=\frac{2}{2^2}+\frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{2}{6^2}+...+\frac{2}{2022^2}$
Xét số hạng tổng quát:
$\frac{2}{n^2}$. Ta sẽ cm $\frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{1}{(n-1)n}+\frac{1}{n(n+1)}(*)$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{n+1+n-1}{n(n-1)(n+1)}$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{2}{(n-1)(n+1)}$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{n^2}< \frac{2}{n^2-1}$ (luôn đúng)
Thay $n=2,4,...., 2022$ vào $(*)$ ta có:
$\frac{2}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}$
$\frac{2}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}$
.......
Suy ra: $2A< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{2022.2023}$
$2A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}$
$2A< 1-\frac{1}{2023}< 1$
$\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}$
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Ta có A<1/1.2+1/2.3+1/3.4+....+1/19.20
A<1-1/2=1/2-1/3+..+1/19-1/20
A<1-1/20=19/20
Ta có 19/20<19/22(so sánh 2 phân số cùng tử)=>A<19/22 (1)
Ta có A>1/2.3+1/3.4+...+1/20.21
A>1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+........+1/20-1/21
A>1/2-1/21=20/42
Ta có 20/42>19/42(so sánh 2 phân số cùng mẫu)=>A>19/42 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) =>19/42<A<19/22
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Each term of S is n!(n2 + n + 1) = n![n(n + 1) + 1] = n(n + 1)n! + n!
By definition, n(n + 1)n! + n! = n! + n(n + 1)!
Therefore, S can be simplified as
1! + 1.2! + 2! + 2.3! + ... + 100! + 100.101!
So \(\dfrac{S+1}{101!}=\dfrac{1+1!+1\cdot2!+2!+2\cdot3!+...+100!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=\dfrac{2!+1\cdot2!+2!+2\cdot3!+3!+...+100!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=\dfrac{3!+2\cdot3!+3!+...+100!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=\dfrac{4!+3\cdot4!+4!+...+100!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=...\)
\(=\dfrac{100!+99\cdot100!+100!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=\dfrac{101!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=1+100=101\)
Hence, \(\dfrac{S+1}{101!}=101\)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{1990^2}=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{4.4}+...+\frac{1}{1990.1990}\)
\(< \frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{1989.1990}=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{1989}-\frac{1}{1990}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{1990}=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{1990}< \frac{3}{4}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Bài làm :
Ta có :
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{1990^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{4.4}+...+\frac{1}{1990.1990}< \frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{1989.1990}=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{1989}-\frac{1}{1990}=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{1990}=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{1990}\)
\(\text{Vì : }\frac{1}{1990}>0\Rightarrow\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{1990}< \frac{3}{4}\)
=> Điều phải chứng minh