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\(M=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{99^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{98.99}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{98}-\frac{1}{99}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< 1-\frac{1}{99}< 1\)
Dễ thấy M > 0 nên 0 < M < 1
Vậy M không là số tự nhiên.
\(S=\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+\frac{1}{53}+...+\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{100}+\frac{1}{100}+\frac{1}{100}+...+\frac{1}{100}\) (50 số hạng \(\frac{1}{100}\))
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{100}.50=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(S>\frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
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Ta có : \(\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}>1\left(1\right)\)
Ta lại có : \(\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+...+\frac{1}{n.n}\)
\(< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(=1+1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\)
\(=2-\frac{1}{n}< 2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) : \(\Rightarrow1< \frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< 2\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
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\(\frac{2n+1}{n-3}+\frac{3n-5}{n-3}-\frac{4n-5}{n-3}=\frac{2n+1+\left(3n-5\right)-\left(4n-5\right)}{n-3}=\frac{2n+1+3n-5-4n+5}{n-3}=\frac{n+1}{n-3}=\frac{n-3+4}{n-3}=\frac{n-3}{n-3}+\frac{4}{n-3}=1+\frac{4}{n-3}\)
Để S là số nguyên <=> n - 3 thuộc Ư(4) = {1;-1;2;-2;4;-4}
n-3 | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 | 4 | -4 |
n | 4 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 7 | -1 |
Vậy...
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\(4B< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(4B< \frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+...+\frac{n+1-n}{n\left(n+1\right)}=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(4B< 1-\frac{1}{n+1}\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4\left(n+1\right)}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\frac{2!}{3!}=\frac{2}{1.2.3}\)
\(\frac{2!}{4!}=\frac{2}{1.2.3.4}\)
\(\frac{2!}{5!}=\frac{2}{1.2.3.4.5}< \frac{2}{3.4.5}\)
...................................................
\(\frac{2!}{n!}=\frac{2}{1.2.3...n}< \frac{2}{\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{2}{1.2.3}+\frac{2}{2.3.4}+\frac{2}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{2}{\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
Vì \(n>3\Rightarrow n-1>2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)là số dương
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{2}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1\)