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a)a2+b2+c2+3=2(a+b+c)
=>a2+b2+c2+1+1+1-2a-2b-2c=0
=>(a2-2a+1)+(b2-2b+1)+(c2-2c+1)=0
=>(a-1)2+(b-1)2+(c-1)2=0
=>a-1=b-1=c-1=0 <=>a=b=c=1
-->Đpcm
b)(a+b+c)2=3(ab+ac+bc)
=>a2+b2+c2+2ab+2ac+2bc -3ab-3ac-3bc=0
=>a2+b2+c2-ab-ac-bc=0
=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2ac-2bc=0
=>(a2- 2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2) + (c2-2ca+a2) = 0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2=0
Hay (a-b)2=0 hoặc (b-c)2=0 hoặc (a-c)2=0
=>a-b hoặc b=c hoặc a=c
=>a=b=c
-->Đpcm
c)a2+b2+c2=ab+bc+ca
=>2(a2+b2+c2)=2(ab+bc+ca)
=>2a2+2b2+c2=2ab+2bc+2ca
=>2a2+2b2+c2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0
=>a2+a2+b2+b2+c2+c2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0
=>(a2-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(a2-2ca+c2)=0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(a-c)2=0
Hay (a-b)2=0 hoặc (b-c)2=0 hoặc (a-c)2=0
=>a-b hoặc b=c hoặc a=c
=>a=b=c
-->Đpcm
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\(\frac{\text{(a+1)[a(a-1)-(a+3)(a+2)]}}{a+1}\)
ta có:
(a+1).a.(a-1) chia hết cho 6
(a+1).(a+3).a+2) chia hết cho 6.
(3 số tự nhiên liên kề thì chia hết cho 6);
suy ra : a(a-1)-(a+3)(a+2) chia hết cho 6
a)Ta có:\(a\left(a-1\right)-\left(a+2\right)\left(a+3\right)=a^2-a-a^2-5a-6=-6a-6\) chia hết cho 6
Câu b) tương tự.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1a)Xét a2 + 5 - 4a =a2 - 4a + 4+1=(a - 2)2+1\(\ge\)1 hay (a -2)2 + 1 > 0
\(\Rightarrow\)Đpcm
b)Xét 3(a2 + b2 + c2) -(a + b +c)2 =3a2 + 3b2 + 3c2 - a2 - b2 - c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc
=2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc
=(a - b)2 + (a - c)2 + (b - c)2\(\ge\)0 (với mọi a,b,c)
\(\Rightarrow\)Đpcm
2)Xét A=\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(a+c+b\right)=3+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}\)
áp dụng cô-sy
\(\Rightarrow\)A\(\ge\)9
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}=3\)
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\(a\left(b+1\right)+b\left(a+1\right)=\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+a+ab+b=ab+a+b+1\Leftrightarrow ab=1\left(dpcm\right)\)
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a. \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2=a^2+b^2-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2=-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=0\Leftrightarrow a=-b\) (đpcm)
b. \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3-2a-2b-2c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)+\left(c^2-2c+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(a-1\right)^2;\left(b-1\right)^2;\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2=\left(b-1\right)^2=\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-1=b-1=c-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
c. \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Tương tự câu b ta có a = b = c
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có :
\(a^2+b^2=\frac{a^2}{1}+\frac{b^2}{1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{1+1}=\frac{1^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a = b
úi xin lỗi bài kia thiếu ._. Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=1/2 nhé
2. Ta có : a3 + b3 + ab = ( a + b )( a2 - ab + b2 ) + ab
= a2 - ab + b2 + ac = a2 + b2 ( do a+b=1 )
Sử dụng kết quả ở bài trước ta có đpcm
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=1/2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Ta có \(a\left(b+1\right)+b\left(a+1\right)=\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\Rightarrow2ab+a+b=a+b+ab+1\)
=> ab=1
b) Ta có \(2\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+2\right)\Leftrightarrow2ab+2a+2b+2=a^2+ab+2a+b^2+ab+2b\)
=> a^2+b^2=2
^_^
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\(\frac{1}{a\left(a+1\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)}=\frac{a+2}{a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)}-\frac{a}{a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)}=\frac{2}{a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)}\)
=>đpcm
\(a\left(a+2\right)\le\left(a+1\right)^2\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a\le a^2+2a+1\Leftrightarrow0\le1\)
Nguyễn Văn Đạt ơi, bài này là chứng minh mà !!!