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a/ \(x^2+xy+y^2+1\)=\(\left(x^2+2x\dfrac{y}{2}+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
=\(\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\) \(\ge\)0
vậy....
b
a/ \(x^2+xy+y^2+1=\left(x^2+xy+\frac{y^2}{4}\right)+\frac{3y^2}{4}+1=\left(x+\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3y^2}{4}+1>0\)
b/ \(x^2+5y^2+2x-4xy-10y+14\)
\(=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+2\left(x-2y\right)+1+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+4\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\left(x-2y\right)+1+\left(y-3\right)^2+4\)
\(=\left(x-2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4>0\)
=x^2+2x+1+4y^2-4xy+x^2+y^2-y+1/4+3/4
=(x+1)^2+(2y-x)^2+(y-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4>0 với mọi x,y
a)
\(x^2+xy+y^2+1=\left(x^2+2x\times\frac{y}{2}+\left(\frac{y}{2}\right)^2\right)+\frac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3y^2}{4}+1\ge0+0+1=1\)
mà\(1>0\Rightarrow x^2+xy+y^2+1>0\)với mọi \(x\)và\(y\)
b)
\(x^2+5y^2+2x-4xy-10y+14\)
\(=\left[x^2+2x\left(1-2y\right)+\left(1-2y\right)^2\right]+y^2-6y+13\)
\(=\left(x+1-2y\right)^2+\left(y^2-2y\times3+9\right)+4\)
\(=\left(x+1-2y\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4\)
Ta có:\(\left(x+1-2y\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi \(x;y\in R\)
và\(\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi \(x;y\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1-2y\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4\ge4\)với mọi \(x;y\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+5y^2+2x-4xy-10y+14>0\)
c)
\(5x^2+10y^2-6xy-4x-2y+3=x^2+4x^2+y^2+9y^2-6xy-4x-2y+3\)
\(=\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2\times2x+1\right]+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left[\left(3y\right)^2-2\times3y+x^2\right]+1\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(3y-x\right)^2+1\)
Ta có \(\left(2x+1\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi \(x\)
\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge\)với mọi \(y\)
\(\left(3y-x\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi \(x;y\)
và \(1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow5x^2+10y^2-6xy-4x-2y+3>0\)
a. \(x^2+xy+y^2+1=\left(x^2+xy+\frac{1}{4}y^2\right)+\frac{3}{4}y^2+1=\left(x+\frac{1}{4}y\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}y^2+1>0\forall x;y\)(đpcm)
b. \(x^2+5y^2+2x-4xy-10y+14\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(2x-4y\right)+1\right]+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+4\)
\(=\left[\left(x-2y\right)^2-2\left(x-2y\right)+1\right]+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+4\)
\(=\left(x-2y-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4>0\forall x;y\)(đpcm)
c. tương tự ý b
_______________Bài làm___________________
a, \(x^2+xy+y^2+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{y^2}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1=\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^3}{4}+1\)
Do \(\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Và \(\dfrac{3y^2}{4}\ge0\forall y\)
Nên: \(\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1>0\forall x,y=>đpcm\)
b, \(x^2+5y^2+2x-4xy-10y+14\)
\(=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(2x-4y\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+5\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\left(x-2y\right)+\left(y-3\right)^2+5\)
\(=\left(x-2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4\)
Do \(\left(x-2y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Và \(\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
Nên \(\left(x-2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4>0\)
c, \(5x^2+10y^2-6xy-4x-2y+3\)
\(=\left(x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)+\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2+\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+1\)
Do .........
tự làm ik
Câu hỏi của KiKyo - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Em tham khảo nhé!
Đặt \(A=x^2+5y^2+2x-4xy-10y+14\)
\(A=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(2x-4y\right)+1+y^2-6y+9+4\)
\(A=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\left(x-2y\right)+1+\left(y-3\right)^2+4\)
\(A=\left(x-2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4\ge4>0\)
\(\Rightarrow A>0\left(đpcm\right)\)
Giải:
a) \(x^2+xy+y^2+1\)
\(=x^2+2.x.\dfrac{y}{2}+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+2.x.\dfrac{y}{2}+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\ge1>0;\forall x\)
Vậy ...
Hắc Hường BĐT ở đây. Cj nghĩ cấp 2 chỉ học 1 số loại này thôi
1.BĐT Cauchy
\(A+B\ge2\sqrt{AB}\) (Áp dụng cho 2 số k âm)
\(A+B+C\ge3\sqrt[3]{ABC}\) (Áp dụng cho 3 số k âm )
2.BĐT Bunhiacopxki
\(\left(Ax+By\right)^2\le\left(A^2+B^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
3.BĐT Mincopxki
\(\sqrt{A^2+x^2}+\sqrt{B^2+y^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(A+B\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
4.BĐT Chebyshev
Với A>B, x>y thì
\(\left(A+B\right)\left(x+y\right)\le2\left(ax+by\right)\)
Vs 3 sô thì bên vế phải thay 2 bằng 3
5.BĐT Benuli
\(\left(1+h\right)^n\ge1+nh\)
6.BĐT Holder
Với a,b,c,x,y,z,m,n,p là sô thực dương
\(\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\left(m^3+n^3+p^3\right)\ge\left(axm+byn+czp\right)^3\)
7.BĐT Sơ-vác-sơ
\(\dfrac{a_1^2}{b_1}+\dfrac{a^2_2}{b_2}+...+\dfrac{a^2_n}{b_n}\ge\dfrac{\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2}{b_1+b_2+...+b_n}\)
8. \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
9. \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\ge2\)
10. \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
11. \(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
12. \(3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)13. \(a^3+b^3\ge a^2b+ab^2\)
14. \(\dfrac{a^3}{b}\ge a^2+ab-b^2\)( Ít áp dụng )
15. \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\)
\(\left|a\right|-\left|b\right|\le\left|a-b\right|\)
\(\left|\dfrac{x}{y}\right|+\left|\dfrac{y}{x}\right|\ge\left|\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right|\ge2\)
16. \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+ac+bc\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)