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\(A=\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\).Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz,ta có:
\(=\left(1-\frac{1}{x+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{y+1}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+1+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
\(\ge3-\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)+\left(1+1+1\right)}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1/3
Vậy A min = 3/4 khi x=y=z=1/3
Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{x+y}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x-z}+\sqrt{y-z}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x+y=x+y-2z+2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2z=2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
Theo giả thiết, ta có:
theo giả thiết, ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{y}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{x-z}{zx}=\frac{1}{y}\Rightarrow x-z=\frac{zx}{y}\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(y-z=\frac{zy}{x}\)
Do đó: \(2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=2\sqrt{\frac{zx}{y}.\frac{zy}{x}}=2z\) (1)
ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{x+y}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x-z}+\sqrt{y-z}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2z=2\sqrt{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)(2)
Thay (2) vào (1) ta thấy (2) luôn đúng
Suy ra ĐPCM
\(Q=3-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{4}{z+4}\right)\le3-\frac{16}{x+y+z+6}=\frac{1}{3}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\frac{1}{2};\frac{1}{2};-1\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=0\) hoặc \(y+z=0\) hoặc \(z+x=0\)
=> ...............................................
\(P=\frac{x}{x+1}+\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\\ \)
\(\frac{x}{x+1}=\frac{x+1-1}{x+1}=1-\frac{1}{x+1}\) tương tự với y,z
\(P=3-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
=> ta đi tìm GTNN của (..)\(A=\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\)
đặt x+1=a;y+1=b;z+1=c nội suy cho đỡ đau đầu a+b+c=4
\(B=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)(*)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a}.\frac{1}{b}.\frac{1}{c}}\)(*)
(*).(**)\(\left(a+b+c\right).\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow P\le3-\frac{9}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
DS: \(P_{max}=\frac{3}{4}\) đẳng thức khi a=b=c=> x=y=z=1/3
\(x\left(x-z\right)+y\left(y-z\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2+y^2=z\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\frac{x^3}{z^2+x^2}=x-\frac{z^2x}{z^2+x^2}\ge x-\frac{z^2x}{2zx}=x-\frac{z}{2}\)
\(\frac{y^3}{y^2+z^2}=y-\frac{yz^2}{y^2+z^2}\ge y-\frac{yz^2}{2yz}=y-\frac{z}{2}\)
\(\frac{x^2+y^2+4}{x+y}=\frac{z\left(x+y\right)+4}{x+y}=z-x-y+\frac{4}{x+y}+x+y\ge z-x-y+4\)
Cộng lại ra minP=4, dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Sai đề nhá, đáng lẽ \(0\le x,y,z\le1\)
Ta dễ có:
\(1+y+zx\le x^2+xy+xz\Rightarrow\frac{x}{1+y+zx}\ge\frac{x}{x^2+xy+xz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{y}{1+z+xy}\ge\frac{1}{x+y+z};\frac{z}{1+z+yz}\ge\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{1+y+zx}+\frac{y}{1+z+xy}+\frac{z}{1+z+yz}\ge\frac{3}{x+y+z}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra tại x=y=z=1
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}\Rightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
\(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}=1\) (\(a;b;c\ne0\) )
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+\frac{2xy}{ab}+\frac{2yz}{bc}+\frac{2xz}{ac}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{xy}{ab}+\frac{yz}{bc}+\frac{zx}{ca}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}=1-2\left(\frac{xy}{ab}+\frac{yz}{bc}+\frac{zx}{ca}\right)=1-2\left(\frac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{abc}\right)=1-2.0=1\)
=> đpcm
á em đổi biến lộn ạ. Em định viết H;U;Y cho đúng tên mình mà quen tay lộn vào Y;Z ạ
Đặt \(\left(\frac{x}{a};\frac{y}{b};\frac{z}{c}\right)\rightarrow\left(H;U;Y\right)\)
Khi đó ta có:
\(H+U+Y=1;\frac{1}{H}+\frac{1}{U}+\frac{1}{Y}=0\Rightarrow HU+UY+YH=0\)
Thay vào thì :
\(\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}=\left(H+U+Y\right)^2-2\left(HU+UY+YH\right)=1\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
sửa đề: z+4>0
Đặt a = x + 1 > 0 ; b = y + 1 > 0 ; c = z + 4 > 0
a + b + c = 6
\(A=\frac{a-1}{a}+\frac{b-1}{b}+\frac{c-4}{c}=3-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)\)
Theo Bất Đẳng Thức ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{4}{c}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{c}\ge\frac{16}{a+b+c}=\frac{8}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{3}\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\a+b=c\\a+b+c=6\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=\frac{3}{2}\\c=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=\frac{1}{2}\\z=-1\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy MaxA = 1/3 khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=\frac{1}{2}\\z=-1\end{cases}}\)