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Các biểu thức ở trong căn đều đưa được về bình phương
\(\sqrt{4x+2\sqrt{x}+1}=\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}=\left|2\sqrt{x}+1\right|=2\sqrt{x}+1\)
Tương tự với hai căn còn lại ta sẽ có biểu thức đề cho tương đương với
\(2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)+3\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM có:
\(1+\dfrac{y}{z}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{z}};1+\dfrac{z}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{z}{x}}\)
Dễ dàng suy ra: \(M\ge\dfrac{x}{y}+2\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{y}{z}}+3\sqrt[3]{2}\cdot\sqrt[6]{\dfrac{z}{x}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{y}{z}}+6\sqrt[6]{\dfrac{z}{x}}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x}{y}+\left(3\sqrt[3]{2}-3\sqrt{2}\right)\cdot\sqrt[6]{\dfrac{z}{x}}\)
Theo AM-GM có: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{y}{z}}+6\sqrt[6]{\dfrac{z}{x}}\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot11\sqrt[11]{\dfrac{x}{y}\cdot\dfrac{y}{z}\cdot\dfrac{z}{x}}=\dfrac{11}{\sqrt{2}}\) (1)
Theo đề: \(x\ge max\left\{y,z\right\}\) ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{y}\ge1\\\dfrac{z}{x}\le1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x}{y}\ge1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(2\right)\\\left(3\sqrt[3]{2}-3\sqrt{2}\right)\cdot\sqrt[6]{\dfrac{z}{x}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{2}-3\sqrt{2}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo vế bđt (1), (2) ,(3) có:\(A\ge\dfrac{11}{\sqrt{2}}+1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+3\sqrt[3]{2}-3\sqrt{2}=1+2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt[3]{2}\)
Xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)
Lâu lâu k đi khủng bố tinh thần :3
Ta đi cm \(1+2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt[3]{2}\) là Min nhé
\(M'(x)=\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{-\dfrac{z}{x^2}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(1+\dfrac{z}{x}\right)^2}}=\dfrac{x^2\sqrt[3]{\left(1+\dfrac{z}{x}\right)^2}-yz}{y\sqrt[3]{\left(1+\dfrac{z}{x}\right)^2}}\ge0\)
Vì vậy ta cần xét 2 trường hợp
*)\(y\ge z;x=y\). Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{z}=t\). Khi đó \(t\ge 1\) và cần cm \(f(t)\ge 0\)
\(f(t)=2\sqrt{1+t}+3\sqrt[3]{1+\dfrac{1}{t}}-2\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt[3]{2}\)
Thật vậy \(f'(t)=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+t}}+\dfrac{-\dfrac{1}{t^2}}{\sqrt[3]{1+\dfrac{1}{t}}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{t^4(t+1)^2}-\sqrt{1+t}}{\sqrt{1+t}\sqrt[3]{t^4(t+1)^2}}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow f(t)\ge f(1)=0\)
*)\(z\ge y ;x=z\). Khi đó \(t\ge 1\) và ta cm \(g(t)\ge 0\)
\(g(t)=t+2\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{t}}-1-2\sqrt{2}\)
Và \(g'(t)=1+\dfrac{-\dfrac{1}{t^2}}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{t}}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{t^3(t+1)}-1}{\sqrt{t^3(t+1)}}>0\)
Tức là \(g(t)\geq g(1)=0\)
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\(S=x\left(3x+2y+z\right)+\left(y-x\right)\left(2y+z\right)+\left(z-y\right).y\)
\(S\le4x+3\left(y-x\right)+z-y=x+2y+z\)
\(S\le\dfrac{1}{3}\left(3x+2y+z\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}\left(2y+z\right)\le\dfrac{1}{3}.4+\dfrac{2}{3}.3=\dfrac{10}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{3};1;1\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng BĐT BSC:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{16x}+\dfrac{1}{4y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{16}}{x}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{49}{16}\)
\(minA=\dfrac{49}{16}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}}{x}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}}{y}=\dfrac{1}{z}\\x+y+z=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{7};\dfrac{2}{7};\dfrac{4}{7}\right)\)
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\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\right)=\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\dfrac{3}{xyz}\)
\(x+y+z=\dfrac{x+y+z}{3}+\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{3}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\right)+\dfrac{2}{xyz}=\dfrac{3}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{2}{xyz}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(dấu"="xảy\) \(ra\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
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Lời giải:
Từ $xy+yz+xz=xyz\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{4x+3y+z}\leq \frac{1}{64}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{x+4y+3z}\leq \frac{1}{64}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{3x+y+4z}\leq \frac{1}{64}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên và thu gọn ta được:
$A\leq \frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{8}$
Vậy $A_{\max}=\frac{1}{8}$ khi $x=y=z=3$