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\(S>\frac{x}{x+y+z}+\frac{y}{x+y+z}+\frac{z}{x+y+z}\Rightarrow S>1\)
\(S< \frac{2x}{x+y+z}+\frac{2y}{x+y+z}+\frac{2z}{x+y+z}\Rightarrow S< 2\)
\(\Rightarrow1< S< 2\)
Từ hàng 2 rút gọn xuống hàng 3 OK rồi đúng ko?
Sử dụng BĐT: \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\le\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge-\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge-\frac{1}{6}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(S=x-\frac{xy^2}{1+y^2}+y-\frac{yz^2}{1+z^2}+z-\frac{zx^2}{1+x^2}\)
\(S\ge x+y+z-\frac{xy^2}{2y}-\frac{yz^2}{2z}-\frac{zx^2}{2x}\)
\(S\ge3-\frac{1}{2}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge3-\frac{1}{6}\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(S_{min}=\frac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Ta có \(x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)^2=4\Rightarrow+xy+yz+zx=-7\)
vì \(x+y+z=2\Rightarrow z-1=1-x-y\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy+z-1}=\frac{1}{xy+1-x-y}=\frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}. \)
Suy ra \(S=\frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(y-1\right)\left(z-1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(z-1\right)\left(x-1\right)}. \)
\(\frac{z-1+x-1+y-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\left(z-1\right)}=\frac{x+y+z-3}{xyz-xy-yz-zx+x+y+z-1}=-\frac{1}{7}\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh: \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\frac{2a-b}{3}\) với a;b dương
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương:
\(3a^3\ge\left(2a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Áp dụng: \(\Rightarrow S\ge\frac{2x-y}{3}+\frac{2y-z}{3}+\frac{2z-x}{3}=\frac{x+y+z}{3}=3\)
\(S_{min}=3\) khi \(x=y=z=3\)
Thay \(xy+yz+xz=1\) ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}1+x^2=xy+yz+xz+x^2=\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\\1+y^2=xy+yz+xz+y^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\\1+z^2=xy+yz+xz+z^2=\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=2\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow x=\frac{x+y+z}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2+1=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}}\le\frac{\frac{x+y}{y}+\frac{x+z}{z}}{2}=1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}\le\frac{2+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}{x}=\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}\le\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\); \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế ba bất đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3.\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}\)\(\le3.\frac{\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}{xyz}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xyz}=\frac{\left(xyz\right)^2}{xyz}=xyz\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{x}{y+z}>\frac{x}{x+y+z};\frac{y}{x+z}>\frac{y}{x+y+z};\frac{z}{x+y}>\frac{z}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}=1\left(1\right)\)
+) Lại có: \(\frac{x}{y+z}< \frac{2x}{x+y+z};\frac{y}{x+z}< \frac{2y}{x+y+z};\frac{2z}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow1< S< 2\)