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2 tháng 3 2019

Ta có :

+) \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)

+) \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}+\dfrac{xz}{zc}\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{abc}\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)

NV
26 tháng 12 2022

1.

Ta có:

\(x^4+y^4\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x^2+y^2\right)xy\)

Đặt vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh là P, áp dụng bồ đề vừa chứng minh ta có:

\(P\le\dfrac{a.abc}{bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)+a.abc}+\dfrac{b.abc}{ca\left(c^2+a^2\right)+b.abc}+\dfrac{c.abc}{ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+c.abc}\)

\(P\le\dfrac{a^2.bc}{bc\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2.ac}{ca\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2.ab}{ab\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

2.

\(\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}=1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

NV
27 tháng 12 2022

1.

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\dfrac{a}{2a+a+b+c}=\dfrac{a}{25}.\dfrac{\left(2+3\right)^2}{2a+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{a}{25}\left(\dfrac{2^2}{2a}+\dfrac{3^2}{a+b+c}\right)=\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{b}{3b+a+c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}\)

\(\dfrac{c}{a+b+3c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT\le\dfrac{6}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

NV
27 tháng 12 2022

2.

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a;\dfrac{y}{y-1}=b;\dfrac{z}{z-1}=c\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a\Rightarrow x=ax-a\Rightarrow a=x\left(a-1\right)\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a}{a-1}\)

Tương tự ta có: \(y=\dfrac{b}{b-1}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{c}{c-1}\)

Biến đổi giả thiết:

\(xyz=1\Rightarrow\dfrac{abc}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow abc=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=a+b+c-1\)

BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:

\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(a+b+c-1\right)\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

30 tháng 12 2020

2: Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}=\dfrac{a\left(a+b+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{b\left(a+b+c\right)}{c+a}+\dfrac{c\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b}-a-b-c=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)=a+b+c-a-b-c=0\)

30 tháng 12 2020

1: Sửa đề: Cho \(x,y,z\ne0\) và \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{2}{2x+y+2z}\).

CM:....

Đặt 2x = x', 2z = z'.

Ta có: \(\dfrac{2}{x'}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{2}{z'}=\dfrac{2}{x'+y+z'}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x'}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z'}=\dfrac{1}{x'+y+z'}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x'}-\dfrac{1}{x'+y+z'}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z'}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+z'}{x'\left(x'+y+z'\right)}+\dfrac{y+z'}{yz'}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(y+z'\right)\left(yz'+x'^2+x'y+x'z'\right)}{x'yz'\left(x'+y+z'\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x'+y\right)\left(y+z'\right)\left(z'+x'\right)}{x'yz'\left(x'+y+z'\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+2z\right)\left(2z+2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+2z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\left(đpcm\right)\)

 

 

28 tháng 9 2023

Từ giả thiết : \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2.\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}+\dfrac{zx}{ca}\right)=1\)

\(\Rightarrow A+2.\left(\dfrac{xyc+yza+xzb}{abc}\right)=1\left(1\right)\)

Mà theo gt : \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow ayz+bzx+cxy=0\)

Do đó : \(\left(1\right)=A=1\)

13 tháng 11 2017

\(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{abz}{xyz}+\dfrac{bxz}{xyz}+\dfrac{cxy}{xyz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{abz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow abz+bxz+cxy=0\)

\(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\dfrac{xy}{ab}+2\dfrac{xz}{ac}+2\dfrac{yz}{bc}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{xz}{ac}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}\right)=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{cxy}{abc}+\dfrac{bxz}{abc}+\dfrac{ayz}{abc}\right)=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{cxy+bxz+ayz}{abc}\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2.\left(\dfrac{0}{abc}\right)=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2.0=1\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+0=1\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=1\) ( đpcm )

AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
6 tháng 5 2021

Lời giải:

Đặt $\frac{x}{a}=m; \frac{y}{b}=n; \frac{z}{c}=p$ với $m,n,p>0$.

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:

(m^2a+n^2b+p^2c)(a+b+c)\geq (am+bn+cp)^2$

$\Leftrightarrow m^2(ab+ac)+n^2(ba+bc)+p^2(ca+cb)\geq 2abmn+2amcp+2bncp$

$\Leftrightarrow ab(m^2-2mn+n^2)+bc(n^2-2np+p^2)+ca(m^2-2mp+p^2)\geq 0$

$\Leftrightarrow ab(m-n)^2+bc(n-p)^2+ca(m-p)^2\geq 0$ 

(luôn đúng với $a,b,c>0$)

Ta có đpcm.

23 tháng 12 2020

ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\ne0\\b\ne0\\c\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+\dfrac{x^2\cdot\left(b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2}+y^2+\dfrac{y^2\left(a^2+c^2\right)}{b^2}+z^2+\dfrac{z^2\cdot\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{c^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\cdot\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2}+y^2\cdot\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2}+z^2\cdot\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2}=0\)(1)

Vì (1) luôn không âm mà a,b,c≠0

nên x=y=z=0

\(\dfrac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\dfrac{0^{2019}+0^{2019}+0^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=0\)

mà \(\dfrac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}=\dfrac{0^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{0^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{0^{2019}}{c^{2019}}=0\)

nên \(\dfrac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\dfrac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}\)