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1)
\(2a+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{16}{a+2}=\left(a+\frac{4}{a}\right)+\left[\left(a+2\right)+\frac{16}{a+2}\right]-2\ge4+8-2=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2
2)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a\left(1-4a\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4a\left(1-4a\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4a+1-4a}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\\\sqrt{b\left(1-4b\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4\left(1-4a\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4b+1-4b}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\\\sqrt{c\left(1-4c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4c\left(1-4c\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4c+1-4c}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a\left(1-4a\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(1-4b\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(1-4c\right)}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{8}\)
Hôm qua em không có online. Bài này căng não@@
Đặt \(p=a+b+c;q=ab+bc+ca;r=abc\Rightarrow q=3\) thì \(p^2\ge3q=9\Rightarrow p\ge3\)
Chú ý: \(-4p^3r + p^2q^2 + 18pqr - 4q^3 - 27r^2=(a-b)^2 (b-c)^2 (c-a)^2 \geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(1/27(-2p^3-2\sqrt{(p^2-3q)^3}+9pq) \leq r \leq 1/27(-2p^3+2\sqrt{(p^2-3q)^3}+9pq)\)
Hay là: \(\frac{1}{27}\left(-2p^3-2\sqrt{\left(p^2-9\right)^3}+27p\right)\le r\le\frac{1}{27}\left(-2p^3+2\sqrt{\left(p^2-9\right)^3}+27p\right)\)
Nếu \(a\ge b\ge c\Rightarrow a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\ge ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\ge\frac{1}{2}\Sigma ab\left(a+b\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(pq-3r\right)=\frac{3}{2}\left(p-3r\right)\)
Do đó: \(P\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(p-3r\right)+\sqrt[3]{9p}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(p-\frac{1}{27}\left(-2p^3+2\sqrt{\left(p^2-9\right)^3}+27p\right)\right)+3\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{27}p^3-\frac{1}{27}\sqrt{\left(p^2-9\right)^3}+3=f\left(p\right)\). Dễ thấy khi p tăng thì f(p) tăng.
Do đó f(p) đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất khi p đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất. Hay là: \(f\left(p\right)\ge f\left(3\right)=4=VP\)
Trường hợp còn lại tối về em đăng, đang bận!
Nếu \(a\le b\le c\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)=-\left|\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)\right|=-\sqrt{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=-\sqrt{-4p^3r + p^2q^2 + 18pqr - 4q^3 - 27r^2}\)
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Chú ý: \(-4p^3r + p^2q^2 + 18pqr - 4q^3 - 27r^2=(a-b)^2 (b-c)^2 (c-a)^2 \geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(1/27(-2p^3-2\sqrt{(p^2-3q)^3}+9pq) \leq r \leq 1/27(-2p^3+2\sqrt{(p^2-3q)^3}+9pq)\)
Hay là: \(\frac{1}{27}\left(-2p^3-2\sqrt{\left(p^2-9\right)^3}+27p\right)\le r\le\frac{1}{27}\left(-2p^3+2\sqrt{\left(p^2-9\right)^3}+27p\right)\)
Ta có: \(2\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)=\Sigma ab\left(a+b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=pq-3r-\sqrt{-4p^3r + p^2q^2 + 18pqr - 4q^3 - 27r^2}\)
\(=3p-3r-\sqrt{-4p^3r + 9p^2 + 54pr - 108 - 27r^2}\)
Do đó: \(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)\(=\frac{3p-3r-\sqrt{-4p^3r + 9p^2 + 54pr - 108 - 27r^2}}{2}\)
Do đó: \(P\)\(=\frac{3p-3r-\sqrt{-4p^3r + 9p^2 + 54pr - 108 - 27r^2}}{6}\)\(+\sqrt[3]{9p}\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3p-3r}{6}+\sqrt[3]{9p}\ge4+\)\(\frac{\sqrt{-4p^3r + 9p^2 + 54pr - 108 - 27r^2}}{6}\)
Or \(3p-3r+6\sqrt[3]{9p}-24\ge\)\(\sqrt{-4p^3r + 9p^2 + 54pr - 108 - 27r^2}\)
Vì: \(VT=3p-3r+6\sqrt[3]{9p}-24\ge3p-\frac{pq}{3}+18-24=0\)
Nên bất đẳng thức trên tương đương:
\(\left(3p-3r+6\sqrt[3]{9p}-24\right)^2\ge\) \(-4p^3r + 9p^2 + 54pr - 108 - 27r^2\)
Em chịu thua :( @Akai Haruma @Nguyễn Việt Lâm giúp em với ạ.
Cần điều kiện a;b;c dương
Đặt vế trái là P, áp dụng BĐT Bunhicopxki:
\(P^2\le3\left(\frac{a}{2a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+2b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}\right)\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{a}{2a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+2b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}=\frac{a}{a+b+a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2\le3.\frac{3}{4}=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Áp dụng cosi ta có \(a.a.a.b.b\le\frac{3a^5+2b^5}{5};b.b.b.a.a\le\frac{3b^5+2a^5}{5}\)
=> \(a^5+b^5\ge a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)\)
Khi đó
\(VT\le\frac{1}{ab\sqrt{a+b}}+\frac{1}{bc\sqrt{b+c}}+\frac{1}{ac\sqrt{a+c}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT buniacoxki ta có :
\((\frac{1}{ab\sqrt{a+b}}+\frac{1}{bc\sqrt{b+c}}+\frac{1}{ac\sqrt{a+c}})^2\le\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{b^2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{c^2\left(b+c\right)}+...\right)\)
Mà 1/a^2+1/b^2+1/c^2=1(giả thiết)
=> \(VT\le VP\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=can(3)