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\(P=\dfrac{a^2\left(b+c\right)+b^2\left(a+c\right)}{abc}=\dfrac{c\left(a^2+b^2\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)}{abc}\)
\(P=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}+\dfrac{a+b}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{a^2+b^2}}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}}=x\ge\sqrt{2}\)
\(P=x^2+\dfrac{2}{x}=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)x^2+\dfrac{x^2}{2\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}\)
\(P\ge\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\right).2+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2}{2\sqrt{2}x^2}}=2+\sqrt{2}\)
\(P_{min}=2+\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow a=b\) hay tam giác vuông cân
Vì ∆ A’B’C’ đồng dạng với tam giác ABC nên A′B′AB=A′C′AC=B′C′BCA′B′AB=A′C′AC=B′C′BC (1)
Thay AB = 3(cm), AC = 7 (cm), BC = 5 (cm) , A’B’ = 4,5 (cm) vào (1)
ta có: 4,5/3=A′C′/7=B′C′/5 (cm)
Vậy: A’C’ =7.4,5/3=10,5=7.4,53=10,5 (cm)
B’C’ =5.4,5/3=7,5 (cm).
làm lại dong cuối:\(A\ge\frac{2}{c}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{6}{a}\)
Mà:\(2c+b=abc\Rightarrow a=\frac{2c+b}{cb}=\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow2a=\frac{4}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge2a+\frac{6}{a}\)
Ta có:\(A=\left(\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+b-c}\right)\)
\(+3\left(\frac{1}{a+c-b}+\frac{1}{a+b-c}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{2}{c}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{6}{c}\) (Do a,b,c là 3 cạnh của tam giác nên:\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b-c>0\\a+c-b>0\\c+b-a>0\end{cases}}\)
\(=\frac{6}{a}+2a\ge4\sqrt{3}\left(cosi\right)\left(a>0\right)\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi:
\(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
\(P=\frac{a}{2b+2c-a}+\frac{b}{2c+2a-b}+\frac{c}{2a+2b-c}=\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}\)
vì a,b,c là 3 cạnh của 1 tam giác áp dụng bđt tam giác có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c>a\Rightarrow2b+2c>a\Rightarrow2ab+2ac>a^2\Rightarrow2ab+2ac-a^2>0\\c+a>b\Rightarrow2c+2a>b\Rightarrow2bc+2ab>b^2\Rightarrow2bc+2ab-b^2>0\\a+b>c\Rightarrow2a+2b>c\Rightarrow2ac+2bc>c^2\Rightarrow2ac+2bc-c^2>0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}>0\)áp dụng bđt cauchy schawazt dạng enge ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}>=\)
\(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2+2bc+2ab-b^2+2ac+2bc-c^2}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\left(1\right)\)
vì \(a^2+b^2+c^2>=ab+ac+bc\Rightarrow4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)< =\)
\(4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)mà \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}>=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}\)(2)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-ab-ac-bc}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3ab+3ac+3bc}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc}{3ab+3ac+3bc}\)
\(>=\frac{ab+ac+bc+2ab+2ac+2bc}{3ab+3ac+3bc}=\frac{3ab+3ac+3bc}{3ab+3ac+3bc}=1\)(3)
từ (1)(2)(3)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}>=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{a}{2b+2c-a}+\frac{b}{2c+2a-b}+\frac{c}{2a+2b-c}>=1\)
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
vậy min P là 1 khi a=b=c
Ta dễ dàng chứng minh:
\(0< a,b,c\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BDT cô si cho ba số dương ta có:
\(\left(\frac{3}{2}-a\right)+\left(\frac{3}{2}-b\right)+\left(\frac{3}{2}-c\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{3}{2}-a)(\frac{3}{2}-b)(\frac{3}{2}-c)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3\ge\frac{3}{2}-a)(\frac{3}{2}-b)(\frac{3}{2}-c)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{8}\ge\frac{27}{8}-\frac{9}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{3}{2}\left(ab+bc+ac\right)-abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{8}\ge-\frac{27}{8}+\frac{3}{2}\left(ab+bc+ac\right)-abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4abc\ge-14+6\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2+4abc\ge13\)
Ta có a + b > c ; b + c > a ; a + c > b
\(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}>\frac{1}{a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+c}=\frac{2}{a+b+c}>\frac{2}{a+b+a+b}=\frac{1}{a+b}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}>\frac{1}{b+c},\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}>\frac{1}{a+c}\)
Vậy ...
\(\left(1+\frac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{c}\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(1+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{c}\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(1+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+1=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)+\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{c}-2\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{ab}+\frac{c^2+b^2-2bc}{bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2-2ac}{ac}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}+\frac{\left(c-b\right)^2}{bc}+\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{ac}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(a-b=c-b=c-a\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(a=b=c\)
Với \(a,b,c\) là \(3\) cạnh của \(\Delta ABC\) thì \(\Delta ABC\) đều
