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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1) \(\frac{x-y}{x+y}=\frac{z-x}{z+x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(z+x\right)=\left(z-x\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z\left(x-y\right)+x\left(x-y\right)=x\left(z-x\right)+y\left(z-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xz-zy+x^2-xy=xz-x^2+yz-xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-zy+x^2=-x^2+yz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x^2=-2zy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=yz\)(đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
tham khảo
Ta có x:a=y:b=z:c=x+y+z:a+b+c=x+y+z( vì a+b+c=1)
do đó (x+y+z)^2=x^2:a^2=y^2:b^2=z^2:c^2=x^2+y^2+z^2:a^2+b^2+ c^2=x^2+y^2+z^2( vì a^2+b^2+c^2)
Vậy (x+y+z)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
-Có: \(x:y:z=a:b:c\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}=\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\left(đpcm\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số = nhau ta đc
\(+)\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=\frac{x+y+z}{a+b+c}=x+y+z\)(do a+b+c=1)
=> \(x+y+z=\frac{x}{a}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\frac{x^2}{a^2}\left(1\right)\)
+) \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=>\frac{x^2}{a^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\)(do a^2 +b^2 +c^2 =1)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=\frac{x^2}{a^2}\left(2\right)\)
từ (1) zà (2)
=>\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2\left(dpcm\right)\)
Có \(a+b+c=a^2+b^2+c^2=1\) và \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\left(a;b;c\ne0\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=\left(\frac{x}{a}\right)^2=\left(\frac{y}{b}\right)^2=\left(\frac{z}{c}\right)^2=\frac{x^2}{a^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2}\left(2\right)\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có :
\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=\frac{x+y+z}{a+b+c}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\). Theo \(\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=\frac{x^2}{a^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\). Theo \(\left(2\right)\)
Có \(a+b+c=a^2+b^2+c^2=1\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=1^2=1\).
Từ các đẳng thức trên, ta suy ra : \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=\frac{x+y+z}{a+b+c}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(=\frac{x+y+z}{1}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{1}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{1}\Leftrightarrow1\left(x+y+z\right)^2=1\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x:y:z=a:b:c\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)
\(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=\frac{x+y+z}{a+b+c}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
Mặt khác \(\frac{x^2}{a^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\)
Suy ra đpcm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Đặt $\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=t$
$\Rightarrow x=at; y=bt; z=ct$. Ta có:
$(x+y+z)^2=(at+bt+ct)^2=t^2(a+b+c)^2=t^2(*)$
Mặt khác:
$x^2+y^2+z^2=(at)^2+(bt)^2+(ct)^2=t^2(a^2+b^2+c^2)=t^2(**)$
Từ $(*); (**)\Rightarrow (x+y+z)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2$ (đpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với :
\(\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\left(2+\frac{1}{a^2b^2c^2}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)+\frac{1}{ab^2}+\frac{1}{bc^2}+\frac{1}{ca^2}\ge9\)
Ta có : \(a^2b+a^2b+\frac{1}{ab^2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b.a^2b.\frac{1}{ab^2}}=3a\)
Tương tự : \(b^2c+b^2c+\frac{1}{bc^2}\ge3b;c^2a+c^2a+\frac{1}{ca^2}\ge3c\)
Cộng lại theo vế, ta được :
\(2\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)+\frac{1}{ab^2}+\frac{1}{bc^2}+\frac{1}{ca^2}\ge9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(b^2=ac\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}\left(1\right)\)
\(c^2=bd\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2), suy ra: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{a}{d}=\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)(đpcm)
~ Học tốt!~
Dấu ^ là mũ nhé.
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