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a) \(\left(-\frac{3}{4}\right)^2:\left(\frac{5}{4}\right)^2+14,7-1\frac{9}{25}\)
\(=\left[\left(-\frac{3}{4}\right):\frac{5}{4}\right]^2+\frac{147}{10}-\frac{34}{25}\)
\(=\left[\left(-\frac{3}{4}\right)\cdot\frac{4}{5}\right]^2+\frac{147}{10}-\frac{34}{25}\)
\(=\left(-\frac{3}{5}\right)^2+\frac{147}{10}-\frac{34}{25}=\frac{9}{25}+\frac{147}{10}-\frac{34}{25}=\left(\frac{9}{25}-\frac{34}{25}\right)+\frac{147}{10}=-1+\frac{147}{10}=\frac{137}{10}\)
b) \(\left(2\frac{1}{3}-1,5\right):\left(-6\frac{1}{6}+5\frac{1}{2}\right)+2,75\)
\(=\left(\frac{7}{3}-\frac{3}{2}\right):\left(-\frac{37}{6}+\frac{11}{2}\right)+\frac{11}{4}\)
\(=\frac{5}{6}:\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)+\frac{11}{4}=\frac{5}{6}\cdot\left(-\frac{3}{2}\right)+\frac{11}{4}=-\frac{5}{4}+\frac{11}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Bài 2:
a) \(\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|-6x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|=6x\)
Ta có: \(\left|x+1\right|\ge0;\left|x+2\right|\ge0;\left|x+4\right|\ge0;\left|x+5\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow6x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+4\right|+\left|x+5\right|=x+1+x+2+x+4+x+5=6x\)
\(\Rightarrow4x+12=6x\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=12\)
\(\Rightarrow x=6\)
Vậy x = 6
b) Giải:
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x-2}{2}=\frac{y-3}{3}=\frac{z-3}{4}=\frac{2y-6}{6}=\frac{3z-9}{12}=\frac{x-2-2y+6+3z-9}{2-6+12}=\frac{\left(x-2y+3z\right)-\left(2-6+9\right)}{8}\)
\(=\frac{14-5}{8}=\frac{9}{8}\)
+) \(\frac{x-2}{2}=\frac{9}{8}\Rightarrow x-2=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow x=\frac{17}{4}\)
+) \(\frac{y-3}{3}=\frac{9}{8}\Rightarrow y-3=\frac{27}{8}\Rightarrow y=\frac{51}{8}\)
+) \(\frac{z-3}{4}=\frac{9}{8}\Rightarrow z-3=\frac{9}{2}\Rightarrow z=\frac{15}{2}\)
Vậy ...
c) \(5^x+5^{x+1}+5^{x+2}=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x+5^x.5+5^x.5^2=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x.\left(1+5+5^2\right)=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x.31=3875\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x=125\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x=5^3\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
Vậy x = 3
A = (1 - 2/3 + 4/3) - (4/5 - 1) + (7/5 + 2)
A= (3/3 - 2/3 + 4/3) - (4/5 - 5/5) + (7/5 + 10/5)
A= 5/3 + 1/5 + 17/5
A= 5/3 +18/5
A= 25/15 + 54/15
A= 79/15
B= (-3 + 3/4 - 1/3 ) : (5 + 2/5 - 2/3)
B= (-36/12 + 9/12 - 4/12) : (75/15 + 6/15 - 10/15)
B= -31/12 : 71/15
B= -155/284
C= (3/5 - 4/5 ) . (2/7 - 3/14) - (5/9 - 7/27) . (1 - 3/5) + (1 - 11/12) . (1-11/12)
C= -1/5 . 1/14 - 8/27 . 2/5 + 1/12 . 1/12
C=-1/70 - 16/135 + 1/144
C=-216/15120 - 1792/15120 + 105/15120
C=-1903/15120
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}{\left( {\frac{{ - 1}}{2}} \right)^5} = \frac{{{{\left( { - 1} \right)}^5}}}{{{2^5}}} = \frac{{ - 1}}{{32}};\\{\left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{3}} \right)^4} = \frac{{{{\left( { - 2} \right)}^4}}}{{{3^4}}} = \frac{{16}}{{81}};\\{\left( { - 2\frac{1}{4}} \right)^3} = {\left( {\frac{{ - 9}}{4}} \right)^3} = \frac{{{{\left( { - 9} \right)}^3}}}{{{4^3}}} = \frac{{-729}}{{64}};\\{\left( { - 0,3} \right)^5} = {\left( {\frac{{ - 3}}{{10}}} \right)^5} = \frac{{ - 243}}{{100000}};\\{\left( { - 25,7} \right)^0} = 1\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}{\left( { - \frac{1}{3}} \right)^2} = \frac{1}{9};\\{\left( { - \frac{1}{3}} \right)^3} = \frac{{ - 1}}{{27}};\\{\left( { - \frac{1}{3}} \right)^4} = \frac{1}{{81}};\\{\left( { - \frac{1}{3}} \right)^5} = \frac{{ - 1}}{{243}}.\end{array}\)
Nhận xét:
+ Luỹ thừa của một số hữu tỉ âm với số mũ chẵn là một số hữu tỉ dương.
+ Luỹ thừa của một số hữu tỉ âm với số mũ lẻ là một số hữu tỉ âm.
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{1}{9} - 0,3.\frac{5}{9} + \frac{1}{3}\\ = \frac{1}{9} - \frac{3}{{10}}.\frac{5}{9} + \frac{1}{3}\\ = \frac{1}{9} - \frac{3}{{2.5}}.\frac{5}{{3.3}} + \frac{1}{3}\\ = \frac{1}{9} - \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{3}\\ = \frac{2}{{18}} - \frac{3}{{18}} + \frac{6}{{18}}\\ = \frac{5}{{18}}\end{array}\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}{\left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{3}} \right)^2} + \frac{1}{6} - {\left( { - 0,5} \right)^3}\\ = \frac{4}{9} + \frac{1}{6} - \left( {\frac{{ - 1}}{2}} \right)^3\\ = \frac{4}{9} + \frac{1}{6} - \left( {\frac{{ - 1}}{8}} \right)\\ = \frac{4}{9} + \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{8}\\ = \frac{{32}}{{72}} + \frac{{12}}{{72}} + \frac{9}{{72}}\\ = \frac{{53}}{{72}}\end{array}\)
ta có:
\(A=\left|-2,75\right|-3\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(A=2,75-\frac{10}{3}+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(A=\frac{11}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{10}{3}\)
\(A=3-\frac{10}{3}\)
\(A=\frac{9}{3}-\frac{10}{3}=-\frac{1}{3}\)
VÀ
\(B=-\left(\frac{3}{5}+\frac{3}{4}\right)-\left(-\frac{3}{4}+\frac{2}{5}\right)\)
\(B=-\frac{3}{5}-\frac{3}{4}+\frac{3}{4}-\frac{2}{5}\)
\(B=-\frac{3}{5}-\frac{2}{5}=-1\)
MẶT khác: B=kA =>\(k=\frac{B}{A}\)
\(\Rightarrow k=\frac{-1}{-\frac{1}{3}}=1.3=3\)
vậy k=3