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nFe = 5.6/56 = 0.1 (mol)
nHCl = 0.2*2 = 0.4 (mol)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
LTL : 0.1/1 < 0.4/2 => HCl dư
mHCl dư = ( 0.4 - 0.2 ) * 36.5 = 7.3 (g)
VH2 = 0.2*22.4 = 4.48 (l)
CM FeCl2 = 0.1/0.2 = 0.5(M)
CM HCl dư = 0.2 / 0.2 = 1(M)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.18,25}{100}=18,25\left(g\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,125 0,125 (mol )
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\\
\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{8,125}{8,125+18,25}.100\%=30,8\%\)
Bài 18:
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=100.18,25\%=18,25\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,125}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,125.2=0,25\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Có: m dd sau pư = 8,125 + 100 - 0,25 = 107,875 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,125.136}{107,875}.100\%\approx15,76\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,25.36,5}{107,875}.100\%\approx8,46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{200}{18}=\dfrac{100}{9}\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{\dfrac{100}{9}}{2}\), ta được H2O dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 2,3 + 100 - 0,05.2 = 102,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{102,2}.100\%\approx3,91\%\)
c, - Dung dịch làm quỳ tím hóa xanh.
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ 2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right);n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{ddNaOH}=m_{Na}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=2,3+200-0,05.2=202,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{40.0,1}{202,2}.100\approx1,978\%\\ c,NaOH-Tính.bazo\Rightarrow Quỳ.tím.hoá.xanh\)
Câu 1
\(a)PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\
b)200ml=0,2l\\
n_{HCl}=0,2.1=0,2mol\\
n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,2=0,1mol\\
V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479l\\
c)C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(a,n_{K_2O}=\dfrac{18,8}{94}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: K2O + H2O ---> 2KOH
0,2--------------->0,4
b, \(V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
c, dd sau phản ứng là QT chuyển sang màu xanh vì KOH là dd bazơ
a)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
n H2 = n Fe = 11,2/56 = 0,2(mol)
V H2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)
b)
n HCl = 2n Fe = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)
=> CM HCl = 0,4/0,4 = 1M
c)
$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
Ta thấy :
n CuO = 64/80 = 0,8 > n H2 = 0,2 nên CuO dư
Theo PTHH :
n CuO pư = n Cu = n H2 = 0,2(mol)
n Cu dư = 0,8 - 0,2 = 0,6(mol)
Vậy :
%m Cu = 0,2.64/(0,2.64 + 0,6.80) .100% = 21,05%
%m CuO = 100% -21,05% = 78,95%
a)
$n_{HCl} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
$n_{Zn} = \dfrac{9,75}{65}= 0,15(mol)$
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
Ta thấy :
n Zn / 1 = 0,15 < n HCl / 2 = 0,2 nên HCl dư
n H2 = n Zn = 0,15(mol)
V H2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 lít
b)
n HCl pư = 2n Zn = 0,3(mol)
=> n HCl dư = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1(mol)
n ZnCl2 = n Zn = 0,15(mol)
CM HCl = 0,1/0,2 = 0,5M
CM ZnCl2 = 0,15/0,2 = 0,75M
c)
Dung dịch A làm quỳ tím hóa đỏ vì có HCl dư
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{65}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl còn dư, Kẽm p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,2}=0,75\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{HCl\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì HCl còn dư, nên dd sau p/ứ làm quỳ tím hóa đỏ