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2x + 2y + z = 4(1)
A = 2xy + yz + xz(2)
(1) z=2c<=>x+y=2-c($)
(2)<=>2xy+2yc+2cx=A
A=2B<=>xy +(x+y).c=B
xy=B-c(2-c)
($:%)=> ton tai nghiem x,y
(c-2)^2≥4[B+c(c-2)]
c^2-4c+4≥4B+4c^2-8c
-3c^2+4c≥4B-4
-3(c^2-2.2/3c+4/9)≥4B-4-4/3
-3(c-2/3)^2≥4B-16/3
=> B≤4/3
A≤8/3
dang thuc khi c=2/3; z=1/3
x=y=2/3
A=2xy+yz+xzA=2xy+yz+xz
=2xy+y(4−2x−2y)+x(4−2x−2y)=2xy+y(4−2x−2y)+x(4−2x−2y)
=−2x2−2xy+4x−2y2+4y=−2x2−2xy+4x−2y2+4y
=[−(x2+2xy+y2)+83(x+y)−169]−(x2−43x+49)−(y−43y+49)+83=[−(x2+2xy+y2)+83(x+y)−169]−(x2−43x+49)−(y−43y+49)+83=−(x+y−43)2−(x−23)2−(y−23)2+83≤83=−(x+y−43)2−(x−23)2−(y−23)2+83≤83
Vậy Amax=83Amax=83 tại
\(M+2019=2xy-yz-zx+2020\)
\(=2xy-yz-zx+x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-\frac{z}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3z^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=0\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-\frac{z}{2}=0\\\frac{3z^2}{4}=0\\x^2+y^2+z^2=2020\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\z=0\\x^2+y^2=2020\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm\sqrt{1010}\\y=-x\\z=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
ta có \(xy\le\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)^2\) và \(yz+xz=z\left(x+y\right)\le\frac{z^2+\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow5=xy+yz+xz\le\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{z^2+\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}z^2\)
Xét \(3x^2+3y^2+z^2\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2+z^2=2\left(\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}z^2\right)\ge2\cdot5=10\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=y\\z=x+y\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=\pm1\\z=\pm2\end{cases}}}\)
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
<=>\(x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)<=>\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
<=>\(3^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)<=>\(P=xy+yz+zx\le3\)=>Pmax=3 <=> x=y=z=1
Ta có BĐT đúng sau:
x2 + y2 + z2 >= xy + yz + zx
<=> (x + y + z)2 >= 3(xy + yz + zx)
<=> 9 >= 3 P <=> P <=3 (dấu bằng khi x = y = z =1)