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a) B là \(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\), C là \(Cu\)
\(b)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 0,1 0,3
\(m_{hh}=0,2.27+3,2=8,6g\\ \%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{3,2}{8,6}\cdot100=37,21\%\\ \%m_{Al}=100-37,21=62,79\%\\ c)C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,25}=1,2M\)
PTHH:
\(Zn+H_2SO_4--->ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(Cu+H_2SO_4--\times-->\)
a. Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{6,5}{19,3}.100\%=33,7\%\)
\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-33,7\%=66,3\%\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Đổi 200ml = 0,2 lít
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
c. Ta có: \(V_{dd_{ZnSO_4}}=V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=0,2\left(lít\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
____0,15<--0,3<--------------0,15
=> mFe = 0,15.56 = 8,4 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{8,4}{21,2}.100\%=39,62\%\\\%Cu=\dfrac{21,2-8,4}{21,2}.100\%=60,38\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) mHCl = 0,3.36,5 = 10,95(g)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{10,95.100}{3,65}.100\%=300\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,4 0,4
\(m_{Fe}=0,4.56=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=22,4+5=27,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4.100\%}{27,4}=81,75\%;\%m_{Cu}=100-81,75=18,25\%\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
x 2x x x
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
y 2y y y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,5\\24x+56y=23,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0,15;y=0,35\)
\(a,m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{HCl}=\left(0,3+0,7\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{228}.100\%=16\%\)
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\\ n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=23,2\\a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,15;b=0,35mol\\ m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6g\\ m_{Fe}=23,2-3,6=19,6g\\ b.m_{HCl}=\left(0,15+0,35\right).2.36,5=36,5g\\ m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228g\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{36,5}{228}\cdot100=16,01\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
\(a,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{20}.100\%=56\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56\%=44\%\)
\(b,C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(1\) \(1\) \(1\)
\(0,2\) \(0,2\) \(0,2\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=n.M=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(^0/_0Fe=\dfrac{11,2}{20}.100^0/_0=56^0/_0\)
\(^0/_0Cu=100^0/_0-56^0/_0=44^0/_0\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{n}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ a,C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\\ b,n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=20-5,6=14,4(g)\\ c,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{20}.100\%=28\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100\%-28\%=72\%\)
Gọi x, y lần lượt là sô mol của Fe và Mg
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2 (1)
Mg + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2 (2)
a. Theo PT(1): \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=0,3\) (*)
Theo đề, ta có: 56x + 24y = 10.4 (**)
Từ (*) và (**), ta có HPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,3\\56x+24y=10,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right);m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
b. Ta có: \(n_{hh}=0,1+0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1,2): \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{hh}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Đổi 200ml = 0,2 lít
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)