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a) \(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(n_{Ca}=\frac{8}{40}=0,2mol\)
Theo phương trình \(n_{H_2}=n_{Ca}=0,2mol\)
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
b) Theo phương trình \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Ca}=0,2mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.\left(40+17.2\right)=14,8g\)
\(m_{ddsaupu}=m_{Ca}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}\)
\(\rightarrow m_{ddsaupu}=8+200-0,2.2=207,6g\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\frac{14,8.100}{207,6}=7,13\%\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(0,3->0,3-->0,3->0,3\)
\(mH_2SO_4=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4.100}{200}=14,7\%\)
\(V_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{n}{CM}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)
\(VH_2=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{200}.100\%=14,7\%\\
V_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)\\
V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
a)
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaO + H2O --> Ca(OH)2
0,15----------->0,15
=> mCa(OH)2 = 0,15.74 = 11,1 (g)
b) \(C_M=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3M\)
c)
PTHH: 2Ca + O2 --to--> 2CaO
0,075<----0,15
=> VO2 = 0,075.24,79 = 1,85925 (l)
\(a,n_{CaO}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaO + H2O ---> Ca(OH)2
0,15-------------->0,15
=> mCa(OH)2 = 0,15.74 = 11,1 (g)
b, \(C_{M\left(Ca\left(OH\right)_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3M\)
c, PTHH: 2Ca + O2 --to--> 2CaO
0,075<------0,15
=> VO2 = 0,075.24,79 = 1,85925 (l)
\(nAl=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(mHCl=\dfrac{200.7,3\%}{100\%}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(nHCl=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_2+3H_2\)
2 6 2 3 (mol)
0,1 0,3 0,1 0,15 (mol)
LTL : 0,1 / 2 < 0,4/6
=> Al đủ , HCl dư
1. \(VH_2=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
2. \(mH_2=0,15.2=0,3\left(g\right)\)
mdd = mAl + mddHCl - mH2 = 2,7 + 200 - 0,3 = 202,4 (g)
\(mH_2SO_{4\left(dưsaupứ\right)}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(mAlCl_2=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{202,4}=4,84\%\)
\(C\%_{AlCl_2}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{202,4}=4,84\%\)
a)\(n_K=\dfrac{0,39}{39}=0,01mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}X:KOH\\Y:H_2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
0,01 0,01 0,01 0,005
\(V_{H_2}=0,005\cdot22,4=0,112l=112ml\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,4 0,8 0,4 0,4
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{150}.100\%=19,5\%\\ c,m_{\text{dd}}=26+150-\left(0,4.2\right)=175,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4.136}{175,2}.100\%=31\%\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a.
\(CaCO_3+2HNO_3\rightarrow Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(C\%_{dd.HNO_3}=\dfrac{0,2.63.100}{200}=6,3\%\)
b.
\(m_{dd.Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=10+200-0,1.44=205,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{dd.Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,1.164.100}{205,6}=7,98\%\)
a)\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{18}{27}=\dfrac{2}{3}mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(\dfrac{2}{3}\) 1
\(V_{H_2}=1\cdot22,4=22,4l\)
b)\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,2 1 0,4 0,6
\(m_{Fe}=0,4\cdot56=22,4g\)
c)\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
0,4 \(\dfrac{4}{15}\)
\(V_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{16}\cdot22,4=\dfrac{448}{75}l\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=\dfrac{448}{15}l\approx29,87l\)
