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B=(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6)+...(2^30+2^29+2^28+2^27+2^26+2^25)
B=(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6)+...+2^25(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6)
B= 126+...+2^25*126
B=21*6(1+...+2^25) chia hết cho 21
suy ra b chia hết cho 21
kl: vậy B=.... chia hết cho 21
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
B=1+2+22+23+...+21499
B=(1+2)+(22+23)+...+(21498+21499)
B=3+22(1+2)+...+21498(1+2)
B=3+22.3+...+21498.3
B=3(1+22+...+21498)
\(\Rightarrow B⋮3\)
Vậy\(B⋮3\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
B = 31 + 32 + 33 + ... + 328 + 329 + 330
B = ( 31 + 32 + 33 ) + ... + ( 328 + 329 + 330 )
B = 31 . ( 1 + 3 + 32 ) + ... + 328 . ( 1 + 3 + 32 )
B = 31 . 13 + ... + 328 . 13
B = 13 . ( 3 + ... + 328 ) \(⋮\)13
Vậy B \(⋮\)13 ( dpcm )
\(B=3^1+3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+............+3^{30}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(3^1+3^2+3^3\right)+\left(3^4+3^5+3^6\right)+............+\left(3^{28}+3^{29}+3^{30}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=3^1.\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^4.\left(1+3+3^2\right)+.........+3^{28}.\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=3^1.13+3^4.13+.........+3^{28}.13\)
\(\Rightarrow B=13\left(3^1+3^4+.........+3^{28}\right)\)
Mà 13 \(⋮\)13 \(\Rightarrow13\left(3^1+3^4+...........+3^{28}\right)⋮13\)
Vậy B chia hết cho 13
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có : 21 = 3 . 7
Mà 3 và 7 nguyên tố cùng nhau
=> B \(⋮\)21 khi B \(⋮\)3 và B \(⋮\)7
- \(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{30}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{29}+2^{30}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=2.\left(2^0+2^1\right)+2^3.\left(2^0+2^1\right)+...+2^{29}.\left(2^0+2^1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=2.3+2^3.3+...+2^{29}.3\)
\(\Rightarrow B=3.\left(2+2^3+...+2^{29}\right)⋮3\)( 1 )
- \(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{30}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{28}+2^{29}+2^{30}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=2.\left(2^0+2^1+2^2\right)+2^4.\left(2^0+2^1+2^2\right)+...+2^{28}.\left(2^0+2^1+2^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=2.7+2^4.7+...+2^{28}.7\)
\(\Rightarrow B=7.\left(2+2^4+...+2^{28}\right)⋮7\)( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow B⋮3.7\)
\(\Rightarrow B⋮21\)
B= 2+ 22+ 23+...+ 229+ 230.
B có số các số hạng là:
( 30- 1): 1+ 1= 30( số)
* Ta ghép 2 số hạng vào 1 nhóm được 15 nhóm.
=> B=( 2+ 22)+( 23+ 24)+( 25+ 26)+...+( 227+ 228)+( 229+ 230).
=> B= 2( 1+ 2)+ 23( 1+ 2)+ 25( 1+ 2)+...+ 227( 1+ 2)+ 229( 1+ 2).
B= 2. 3+ 23. 3+ 25. 3+...+ 227. 3+ 229. 3.
B= 3( 2+ 23+ 25+...+ 227+ 229)\(⋮\)3.
=> B\(⋮\) 3( 1)
* Ta ghép 3 số hạng vào 1 nhóm được 10 nhóm.
=> B=( 2+ 22+ 23)+( 24+ 25+ 26)+( 27+ 28+ 29)+...+( 225+ 226+ 227)+( 228+ 229+ 230).
B= 2( 1+ 2+ 22)+ 24( 1+ 2+ 22)+ 27( 1+ 2+ 22)+...+ 225( 1+ 2+ 22)+ 228( 1+ 2+ 22).
B= 2. 7+ 24. 7+ 27. 7+...+ 225. 7+ 228. 7.
B= 7( 2+ 24+ 27+...+ 225+ 228)\(⋮\) 7.
=> B\(⋮\) 7( 2).
( 3; 7)= 1( 3).
Từ( 1);( 2);( 3)
=> B\(⋮\) 21.
=> đpcm.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(A=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\)
\(A< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{49.100}\)
\(A< 1+1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(A< 2-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(A< 2\)
b, \(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{30}\)
Ta có :\(B=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{29}+2^{30}\right)\)
\(B=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{29}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(B=2.3+2^3.3+...+2^{29}.3\)
\(B=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{29}\right)\)chia hết cho 3(1)
Lại có\(B=\left(2+2^2+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{28}+2^{29}+2^{30}\right)\)
\(B=2\left(1+2+4\right)+...+2^{28}\left(1+2+4\right)\)
\(B=2.7+...+2^{28}.7\)
\(B=7\left(2+...+2^{29}\right)\) chia hết cho 7 (2)
Mà (3,7)=1 (3)
Từ (1)(2)(3) => B chia hết cho 21
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{30}\)
\(=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+2^5\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{29}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(=2\cdot3+2^3\cdot3+2^5\cdot3+...+2^{29}\cdot3\)
\(=3\left(2+2^3+2^5+...+2^{29}\right)⋮3\)
Mặt khác:\(B=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{30}\)
\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+....+2^{28}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=2\cdot7+2^4\cdot7+....+2^{28}\cdot7\)
\(=7\left(2+2^4+...+2^{28}\right)⋮7\)
Mà (3;7)=1
\(\Rightarrow B⋮3\cdot7=21\)