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vì bài dài quá nên mình làm từng bài 1 nhé
1. Ta thấy : \(\frac{1}{n^3}< \frac{1}{n^3-n}=\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(n+1\right)-\left(n-1\right)}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]\)
Do đó :
\(B< \frac{1}{2}.\left[\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]< \frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)
2.
Nhận xét : \(1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
Do đó :
\(A=\frac{2^2}{1.3}.\frac{3^2}{2.4}.\frac{4^2}{3.5}...\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{2.3...\left(n+1\right)}{1.2...n}.\frac{2.3...\left(n+1\right)}{3.4...\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n+1}{1}.\frac{2}{n+2}< 2\)
Ta có :
\(1-\frac{3}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n^2+2n-3}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+3\right)}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1.5}{2.4}.\frac{2.6}{3.5}...\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+3\right)}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{3}.\frac{3}{4}...\frac{n-1}{n}\right)\left(\frac{5}{4}.\frac{6}{5}.\frac{7}{6}...\frac{n+3}{n+2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{n}.\frac{n+3}{4}=\frac{n+3}{n}.\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(dpcm\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{1.3}\right).\left(1+\frac{1}{2.4}\right).\left(1+\frac{1}{3.5}\right)...\left(1+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1.3+1}{1.3}.\frac{2.4+1}{2.4}.\frac{3.5+1}{3.5}...\frac{2015.2017+1}{2015.2017}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2.2}{1.3}.\frac{3.3}{2.4}.\frac{4.4}{3.5}...\frac{2016.2016}{2015.2017}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2.3.4...2016}{1.2.3...2015}.\frac{2.3.4...2016}{3.4.5...2017}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.2016.\frac{2}{2017}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{1.3}\right).\left(1+\frac{1}{2.4}\right).\left(1+\frac{1}{3.5}\right)...\left(1+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1.3+1}{1.3}.\frac{2.4+1}{2.4}.\frac{3.5+1}{3.5}...\frac{2015.2017+1}{2015.2017}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2.2}{1.3}.\frac{3.3}{2.4}.\frac{4.4}{3.5}...\frac{2016.2016}{2015.2017}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2.3.4...2016}{1.2.3...2015}.\frac{2.3.4...2016}{3.4.5...2017}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.2016.\frac{2}{2017}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)
\(1-\dfrac{3}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\dfrac{n\left(n+2\right)-3}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+3\right)}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{1.5}{2.4}.\dfrac{2.6}{3.5}.\dfrac{3.7}{4.6}...\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+3\right)}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1.2.3...\left(n-1\right)}{2.3.4...n}.\dfrac{5.6.7...\left(n+3\right)}{4.5.6...\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{n}.\dfrac{n+3}{4}=\dfrac{n+3}{4n}=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4n}>\dfrac{1}{4}\) (đpcm)
1/
\(1+\frac{2014}{2}+...+\frac{4024}{2012}=1+\left(1+\frac{2012}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2013}{3}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{2012}{2012}\right)\)
\(=2012+2012\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right)=2012\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right)\)
Phương trình đã cho tương đương:
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right).503x=2012\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow503x=2012\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
2/
\(\frac{8}{1.9}+\frac{8}{9.17}+...+\frac{8}{49.57}+\frac{58}{57}+2x-2=2x+\frac{7}{3}+5x-\frac{8}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{17}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{57}+\left(1+\frac{1}{57}\right)-2-\frac{7}{3}+\frac{8}{4}=5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(5x=\frac{17}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{17}{15}\)
3/
Ta có: \(1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n\left(n+2\right)+1}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{1.3}\right).\left(1+\frac{1}{2.4}\right).....\left(1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}\right)\)\(=\frac{2^2}{1.3}.\frac{3^2}{2.4}.\frac{4^2}{3.5}.\frac{5^2}{4.6}.......\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=2.\frac{n+1}{n+2}
