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Trước hết xoá \(\frac{2x}{a^2-a+1}\)ở 2 vế. Nếu \(\frac{a}{a+1}>0\left(a< -1;a>0\right)\)thì \(x< \frac{a}{4}\). Nếu \(\frac{a}{a+1}< 0\left(-1< a< 0\right)\)thì \(x>\frac{a}{4}\)
\(ĐKXĐ:a\ne-1\)
\(\frac{2x}{a^2-a+1}-\frac{1}{2a+2}< \frac{4x-1}{2a^2-2a+2}+\frac{a-2ax}{1+a^3}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x}{a^2-a+1}-\frac{1}{2a+2}< \frac{2x}{a^2-a+1}-\frac{1}{2a^2-2a+2}+\frac{a}{1+a^3}-\frac{2ax}{1+a^3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2a+2}-\frac{1}{2a^2-2a+2}+\frac{a}{1+a^3}>\frac{2ax}{1+a^3}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2-a+1-a-1+2a}{2\left(a^3+1\right)}>\frac{2ax}{1+a^3}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{2\left(1+a^3\right)}>\frac{4ax}{2\left(1+a^3\right)}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4ax}{a+1}< \frac{a^2}{a+1}\)
* Nếu \(\frac{a}{a+1}>0\)(tức là a < -1 hoặc a > 0) thì \(x< \frac{a}{4}\)
* Nếu \(\frac{a}{a+1}< 0\)(tức là -1 < a < 0) thì \(x>\frac{a}{4}\)
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Ta có: \(\frac{a+1}{2a-2}-\frac{1}{2a^2-2}=\frac{\left(a+1\right)^2-1}{2\left(a^2-1\right)}=\frac{a^2+2a+1-1}{2\left(a^2-1\right)}=\frac{a\left(a+2\right)}{2\left(a^2-1\right)}\)
Vậy D=\(\frac{a\left(a+2\right)}{2\left(a^2-1\right)}.\frac{2\left(a+1\right)}{a+2}=\frac{a}{a-1}\)
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\(=\left[\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{a^2+a+1}+\dfrac{2a^2-4a-1}{\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{a-1}\right]:\dfrac{2a}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^3-3a^2+3a-1+2a^2-4a-1+a^2+a+1}{\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{3}{2a}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^3-1}{\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{3}{2a}=\dfrac{3}{2a}\)
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Tử: dễ thấy -1 là nghiệm của đa thức => tử chia hết cho a+1
Chia tử cho a+1 được a^2+a-1 => Tử = (a+1)(a^2+a-1)
Mẫu: (a^3+1) + (2a^2+2a) = ... = (a+1)(a^2+a+1)
=> Tử/mẫu = (a^2+a-1)/(a^2+a+1)
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\(\text{GIẢI :}\)
ĐKXĐ : \(a\ne\pm1\).
\(M=\frac{1}{a^2-2a+1}-\left(\frac{a}{a^2-1}-\frac{1}{a^3-a}\right):\frac{a^2-2a+1}{a+a^3}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2-2a+1}-\left(\frac{a}{a^2-1}-\frac{1}{a\left(a^2-1\right)}\right):\frac{a^2-2a+1}{a+a^3}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2-2a+1}-\left(\frac{a^2}{a\left(a^2-1\right)}-\frac{1}{a\left(a^2-1\right)}\right):\frac{a^2-2a+1}{a+a^3}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2-2a+1}-\frac{a^2-1}{a\left(a^2-1\right)}:\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{a\left(1+a^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2-2a+1}-\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{a\left(a^2-1\right)}\cdot\frac{a\left(a^2+1\right)}{1+a^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2-2a+1}-\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{1+a^2}=\frac{-a^2}{\left(a-1\right)^2}\).
ĐKXĐ: \(a\ne\pm\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(\frac{2a-1}{2a+1}-\frac{2a-3}{2a-1}\right):\frac{2a-1}{2a+1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{\left(2a-1\right)^2}{\left(2a+1\right)\left(2a-1\right)}-\frac{\left(2a-3\right)\left(2a+1\right)}{\left(2a-1\right)\left(2a+1\right)}\right).\frac{2a+1}{2a-1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{4a^2-4a+1}{\left(2a+1\right)\left(2a-1\right)}-\frac{4a^2-4a+3}{\left(2a+1\right)\left(2a-1\right)}\right).\frac{2a+1}{2a-1}\)
\(=\frac{-2}{\left(2a+1\right)\left(2a-1\right)}.\frac{2a+1}{2a-1}=\frac{-2}{\left(2a-1\right)^2}\)