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Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si, ta có: \(\left(3x+1\right)\left(y+z\right)+x=3xy+3xz+\left(x+y+z\right)\ge3xy+3xz+3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)\(=3xy+3xz+3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(3x+1\right)\left(y+z\right)+x}\le\frac{1}{3\left(xy+xz+1\right)}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng bất đẳng thức dạng \(u^3+v^3\ge uv\left(u+v\right)\), ta được: \(\frac{1}{3\left(xy+xz+1\right)}=\frac{1}{3\left[x\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{y}\right)^3+\left(\sqrt[3]{z}\right)^3\right)+1\right]}\le\frac{1}{3\left[x\sqrt[3]{yz}\left(\sqrt[3]{y}+\sqrt[3]{z}\right)+1\right]}\)\(=\frac{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{3\left[\sqrt[3]{x^2}\left(\sqrt[3]{y}+\sqrt[3]{z}\right)+\sqrt[3]{xyz}\right]}=\frac{\sqrt[3]{yz}}{3\left(\sqrt[3]{xy}+\sqrt[3]{yz}+\sqrt[3]{zx}\right)}\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại theo vế, ta được: \(P\le\frac{1}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
Theo BĐT AM - GM cho 3 số dương, ta có: \(\left(3x+1\right)\left(y+z\right)+x=3xy+3zx+x+y+z\)
\(\ge3xy+3zx+3\sqrt[3]{xyz}=3zx+3xy+3=3\left(zx+xy+1\right)\)(Do xyz = 1)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(3x+1\right)\left(y+z\right)+x}\le\frac{1}{3\left(zx+xy+1\right)}\)(1)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(3y+1\right)\left(z+x\right)+y}\le\frac{1}{3\left(xy+yz+1\right)}\)(2); \(\frac{1}{\left(3z+1\right)\left(x+y\right)+z}\le\frac{1}{3\left(yz+zx+1\right)}\)(3)
Cộng theo từng vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(P\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{xy+yz+1}+\frac{1}{yz+zx+1}+\frac{1}{zx+xy+1}\right)\)
Ta có BĐT: \(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
Thật vậy, với a, b dương thì (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\Leftrightarrow a^2-ab+b^2\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
Áp dụng BĐT trên và sử dụng giả thiết xyz = 1, ta được: \(\frac{1}{xy+yz+1}=\frac{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{y\left(z+x\right)+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{y\left[\left(\sqrt[3]{z}\right)^3+\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)^3\right]+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\le\frac{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{y\sqrt[3]{zx}\left(\sqrt[3]{z}+\sqrt[3]{x}\right)+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{\sqrt[3]{y^3zx}\left(\sqrt[3]{z}+\sqrt[3]{x}\right)+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}=\frac{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{\sqrt[3]{y^2}\left(\sqrt[3]{z}+\sqrt[3]{x}\right)+\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt[3]{zx}}{\sqrt[3]{y}\left(\sqrt[3]{z}+\sqrt[3]{x}\right)+\sqrt[3]{zx}}=\frac{\sqrt[3]{zx}}{\sqrt[3]{xy}+\sqrt[3]{yz}+\sqrt[3]{zx}}\)(*)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{yz+zx+1}\le\frac{\sqrt[3]{xy}}{\sqrt[3]{xy}+\sqrt[3]{yz}+\sqrt[3]{zx}}\)(**); \(\frac{1}{zx+xy+1}\le\frac{\sqrt[3]{yz}}{\sqrt[3]{xy}+\sqrt[3]{yz}+\sqrt[3]{zx}}\)(***)
Cộng theo từng vế của 3 BĐT (*), (**), (***), ta được: \(\frac{1}{xy+yz+1}+\frac{1}{yz+zx+1}+\frac{1}{zx+xy+1}\le\frac{\sqrt[3]{xy}+\sqrt[3]{yz}+\sqrt[3]{zx}}{\sqrt[3]{xy}+\sqrt[3]{yz}+\sqrt[3]{zx}}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{xy+yz+1}+\frac{1}{yz+zx+1}+\frac{1}{zx+xy+1}\right)\le\frac{1}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
\(P\le\sqrt{3\left(\sum\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\right)}\le\sqrt{3\left(\sum\dfrac{1}{4xy+4x+4}\right)}\)
\(P\le\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{4}\sum\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+x+1}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM:
\(A=xyz\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\)
\(\le\left(\frac{x+y+z}{3}\right)^3.\left(\frac{x+y+y+z+z+x}{3}\right)^3\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^3.\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^3=\frac{8}{729}\)
\(Max_A=\frac{8}{729}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
dễ mà bạn :))) gáy tí , sai thì thôi
\(P=\frac{x^3}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}+\frac{y^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\frac{z^3}{\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^3\left(1+z\right)}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\frac{y^3\left(1+x\right)}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+x\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\frac{z^3\left(1+y\right)}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+z\right)\left(1+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^3\left(1+z\right)+y^3\left(1+x\right)+z^3\left(1+y\right)}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\)
đến đây áp dụng BĐT phụ ( 1+a ) ( 1+b ) ( 1+c ) >= 8abc
EZ :)))
áp dụng bdt amgm ta có \(xyz\le\left(\frac{x+y+z}{3}\right)^3=\frac{1}{3^3}=\frac{1}{27}\)
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\le\left(\frac{x+y+y+z+x+z}{3}\right)^3=\left(\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{3}\right)^3=\frac{8}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow xyz\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\le\frac{1}{27}.\frac{8}{27}=\left(\frac{2}{9}\right)^3\)
dau = xay ra khi x=y=z=1/3
ta có \(x^4+y^4\ge2x^2y^2\) \(y^4+z^4\ge2y^2z^2\) \(z^4+x^4\ge2x^2z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)\ge2\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)\)\(\Rightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4\ge x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\)
mat khac \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\) (tu cm)
\(\Rightarrow x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\ge\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
min =1/3 \(\) dau = xay ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{+-\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
theo bat dang thuc C-S ta co
\(P\le\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{y}{y+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{yx}}+\frac{z}{z+\sqrt{zx}+\sqrt{zy}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\frac{\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}=1\)
Vay GTLN cua P la 1 dau = khi x=y=z
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(3x+1\right)\left(y+z\right)+x}=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3\sqrt[3]{1}}=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3}=\frac{1}{3\left(xy+zx+1\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+1}\)
Tương tự ta chứng minh được:
\(\frac{1}{\left(3y+1\right)\left(z+x\right)+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+1}\) ; \(\frac{1}{\left(3z+1\right)\left(x+y\right)+z}\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+1}\)
Cộng vế 3 BĐT trên lại:
\(A\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3A\le\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}}\right)^3+1}+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)^3+1}+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)^3+1}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}};\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}};\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\) khi đó:
\(3A\le\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}+\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-ca+a^2\right)+1}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(2ab-ab\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(2bc-bc\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)\left(2ca-ca\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+1}+\frac{1}{bc\left(b+c\right)+1}+\frac{1}{ca\left(c+a\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{abc}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}+\frac{abc}{bc\left(b+c\right)+abc}+\frac{abc}{ca\left(c+a\right)+abc}\)
\(=\frac{c}{a+b+c}+\frac{a}{b+c+a}+\frac{b}{c+a+b}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Vậy Max(A) = 1 khi x = y = z = 1
Câu hỏi của Pham Van Hung - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(S=xyz(x+y)(y+z)(z+x)=(xz+yz)(xy+xz)(yz+xy)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM có:
\((xz+yz)(xy+xz)(yz+xy)\leq \left(\frac{xz+yz+xy+xz+yz+xy}{3}\right)^3\)
\(=\left(\frac{2(xy+yz+xz)}{3}\right)^3\)
Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT AM-GM:
\((x+y+z)^2\geq 3(xy+yz+xz)\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz\leq \frac{1}{3}\)
Do đó:
\(S\leq \left[\frac{2(xy+yz+xz)}{3}\right]^3\leq \left(\frac{2.\frac{1}{3}}{3}\right)^3=\frac{8}{729}\)
Vậy \(S_{\max}=\frac{8}{729}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)