Cho x^2 = yz. Chứng minh rằng x + y / x - y = z + x / z - x
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Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{\left(y+z\right)\sqrt{yz}}{x}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{yz}\cdot\sqrt{yz}}{x}=\frac{2\sqrt{\left(yz\right)^2}}{x}=\frac{2yz}{x}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có
\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)\sqrt{xy}}{z}\ge\frac{2xy}{z};\frac{\left(x+z\right)\sqrt{xz}}{y}\ge\frac{2xz}{y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(y+z\right)\sqrt{yz}}{x}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)\sqrt{xy}}{z}+\frac{\left(x+z\right)\sqrt{xz}}{y}\ge\frac{2xy}{z}+\frac{2yz}{x}+\frac{2xz}{y}\)
Cần chứng minh \(\frac{2xy}{z}+\frac{2yz}{x}+\frac{2xz}{y}\ge2\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{yz}{x}+\frac{xz}{y}\ge x+y+z\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{yz}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{z}\cdot\frac{yz}{x}}=2\sqrt{y^2}=2y\)
Tương tự rồi cộng theo vế ta có ĐPCM
Khi \(x=y=z\)
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Lời giải:
Đặt \((x,y,z)=(a^2,b^2,c^2)\). Bài toán tương đương với:
\(\frac{bc(b+c)}{a}+\frac{ac(a+c)}{b}+\frac{ab(a+b)}{c}\geq 2(a^2+b^2+c^2)\)
Biến đổi ta thấy:
\(\text{VT}=a^2\left ( \frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b} \right )+b^2\left ( \frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a} \right )+c^2\left ( \frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a} \right )\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\geq 2\\ \frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\geq 2\\ \frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\geq 2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq 2(a^2+b^2+c^2)=\text{VP}\)
Do đó ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\Leftrightarrow x=y=z>0\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left(y+z\right)\sqrt{yz}}{x}\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{yz}\cdot\sqrt{yz}}{x}=\dfrac{2yz}{x}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại thì được:
\(\dfrac{2xy}{z}+\dfrac{2yz}{x}+\dfrac{2xz}{y}\ge2\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{xz}{y}\ge x+y+z\)
Tiếp tục dùng AM-GM:
\(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\ge2\sqrt{y^2}=2y\)
Tương tự rồi cộng theo vế có:
\(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{xz}{y}\ge x+y+z\) (đúng)
Hay ta có ĐPCM. Khi \(x=y=z\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=xy+yz+zx\)
=> \(2x^2+2y^2+2x^2=2xy+2yz+2zx\)
=> \(2x^2+2y^2+2x^2-2xy-2yz-2zx=0\)
=> \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\)
=> x -y =0 ; y - z=0 ; z - x=0
=> x =y; y =z; z=x
=> x=y=z
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Có \(VT=\dfrac{x^2}{x^3-xyz+2013x}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^3-xyz+2013y}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^3-xyz+2013z}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz+2013\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[x^2+y^2+z^2-\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]+2013\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{x^2+y^2+z^2-\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
(vì \(2013=3.671=3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\))
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^2-yz+2013}=\dfrac{1}{y^2-zx+2013}=\dfrac{1}{z^2-xy+2013}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-yz=y^2-zx=z^2-xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\) (với \(x,y,z>0\))
Vậy ta có đpcm.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta co :
\(x^2=\frac{x}{y};yz=\frac{z}{x}\Rightarrow x^2=yz=\frac{x}{y}=\frac{z}{x}\)
Dat : \(\frac{x}{y}=\frac{z}{x}=k\)
x=yk
z=xk
\(\frac{x+y}{x-y}=\frac{yk+y}{yk-y}=\frac{y.\left(k+1\right)}{y.\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k+1}{k-1}\) (1)
\(\frac{z+x}{z-x}=\frac{xk+x}{xk-x}=\frac{x.\left(k+1\right)}{x.\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{k+1}{k-1}\) (2)
Vậy từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{x+y}{x-y}=\frac{z+x}{z-x}\)
x^2 = yz => x/y = z/x
Theo dãy tỉ số (=)
\(\frac{x}{y}=\frac{z}{x}=\frac{z+x}{x+y}=\frac{z-x}{x-y}\)
=> \(\frac{z+x}{x+y}=\frac{z-x}{x-y}\Rightarrow\frac{x+y}{x-y}=\frac{z+x}{z-x}\)