Tìm GTNN của biểu thức Q = x2 - 5x
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a) \(2x^2-x+1=2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{8}\ge\dfrac{7}{8}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
b) \(5x-x^2+4=-\left(x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{41}{4}\le\dfrac{41}{4}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
c) \(x^2+5y^2-2xy+4y+3=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b: ta có: \(-x^2+5x+4\)
\(=-\left(x^2-5x-4\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}+\dfrac{25}{4}-\dfrac{41}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{41}{4}\le\dfrac{41}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: Ta có: \(A=x^2+3x+4\)
\(=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}\ge\dfrac{7}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ta có Q= x2-5x= x2-2x\(\frac{5}{2}\)+ \(\frac{25}{4}\)- \(\frac{25}{4}\)= (x-\(\frac{5}{2}\))2-\(\frac{25}{4}\)
vì (x-\(\frac{5}{2}\)) 2>=0
=> Q >= \(\frac{-25}{4}\)
dấu '=' sảy ra khi (x-\(\frac{5}{2}\))2=0
=> x-\(\frac{5}{2}\)=0
=>x=\(\frac{5}{2}\)
vậy Q(min)=\(\frac{-25}{4}\) khi x= \(\frac{5}{2}\)
Ta có :
\(Q=x^2+5x\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=x^2+2.x.\frac{5}{2}+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{25}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{25}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{25}{4}\ge-\frac{25}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi x = - 5 / 4
Vậy ......
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: Ta có: \(A=x^2+2x+5\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x^2+x+\frac{1}{x^2}+2x+2=\left(x^2+2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)+\left(x+1\right)^2-1=\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức trên là -1 khi x=-1.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng Bunyakovsky, ta có :
\(\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x.1+y.1\right)^2=1\)
=> \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
=> \(Min_C=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Mấy cái kia tương tự
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1:
a: =x^2-7x+49/4-5/4
=(x-7/2)^2-5/4>=-5/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=7/2
b: =x^2+x+1/4-13/4
=(x+1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/2
e: =x^2-x+1/4+3/4=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2
f: x^2-4x+7
=x^2-4x+4+3
=(x-2)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2
2:
a: A=2x^2+4x+9
=2x^2+4x+2+7
=2(x^2+2x+1)+7
=2(x+1)^2+7>=7
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
b: x^2+2x+4
=x^2+2x+1+3
=(x+1)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Q=x2.5x
=x2-5x+\(\frac{25}{4}-\frac{25}{4}\)
=\(\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{25}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\ge-\frac{25}{4}\)
Vay GTNN la : \(-\frac{25}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(x-\frac{5}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{5}{2}\)
MinQ=\(\frac{-\Delta}{4a}=\frac{-b^2+4ac}{4a}=\frac{-5^2+4.1.0}{4}=-\frac{25}{4}\)